Analysis Of How Mesopotamia And Egypt Are Similar And Different

The ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamians have many common traits, but also differ, despite emerging in the same years. The Egyptians, a people religiously optimistic, put in place a bureaucratic government which ultimately reflects their social system. In Mesopotamia, where life was not considered as optimistic, the more diversified system social led to a political system decentralized. Experience shows, however, that the two companies of confidence in the beyond, has established a unique structure in writing and has excelled in the arts in a significant manner and the sciences.

Mesopotamia, unfortunately, has not had a seasonal flooding of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, which would oblige them to create an organized agricultural system. This could explain their negative vision of the beyond and the general ambiance of the gods. Egypt, however, stood along the fertile soils of the Nile valley, which has provided a flood familiar. This has allowed the Egyptians to see the universe as orderly and beneficial. Therefore, this sacred life after death that they have believed in the preservation of the body to the death for the journey to the afterworld by the process of mummification. The Mesopotamians, fearing to disappoint the gods, believed that their purpose was to serve the gods, and thus the religion has played a more important role within the government. The priests, for example, were much more important than in Egypt. Regardless of the situation, the two civilizations have prospered in agriculture.

The two communities had a social system broken down into three groups. The act of the King Hammurabi said these three groups: landowners free, containing the kingship, priests and officials, farmers dependent and artisans, and the class of the slaves, who were generally of prisoners of war. The heads of the Temple were considered as royalties and controlled major areas with the Lugal. While the male domination exists, women have rights has in Mesopotamia. They could own land and businesses and could trade, but the education of children has been preferred. Women have finished by losing the social status of the spread of agriculture and the rise of the middle class. The social class in Egypt has been less pronounced: composed of the king and his officials, the officials of the lower level, the priests, the farmers and the professionals, and peasants to the base. The peasant class executed a large part of the agricultural labor force, since slavery has been limited. Obesity, as in many ancient civilizations, was a sign of wealth and status. Subordination of the woman to the man appears in Egypt as well. Women still had the rights a little more. This included to possess property, inheritance and the ability of property to anyone.

A king of any kind has finally ruled that Egypt and Mesopotamia. Egyptians were governed by a bureaucracy, where the pharaoh was the supreme head, follow-up to its designated agents. The officials have been chosen by the merit, rather than by the heritage as in Mesopotamia. The pharaoh was considered as God on earth, granted with the responsibility to ensure the well-being and prosperity. The palace has been in the control of long-distance trade as well as the collection of taxes to put in the construction and the army. Priests, on the other hand, have not played a large role in policy as in Mesopotamia. The two centers of power in Mesopotamia were the temple and the Palace of the king. The Temple and the Palace were generally in the center and surrounded by agricultural land, known as a state of city. These cities-developed states independently and exchanged between them. The theocratic King has been called the Lugal and has been responsible for property rights, the defense, and the Act. Slightly different from Egypt, the Lugal was that the representative or a mediator of the gods.