Hindi Sulture and Lifestyle through Gandhi's View
Research methodology is a theoretical method to gather knowledge and it sets out a systematic way of gathering information. A research methodology is a way of solving problems, it involves techniques that ae designed to collect, assemble and evaluate data. It also gathers the relevant information and defines the tools that are used in a specific research study such as surveys, interviews and even questionnaires. The method is allowing the research to be critically analysed and evaluated overall for reliability and validity. There are two main techniques which are qualitative and quantitative, the researcher will be using quantitative research to support the chosen topic of resilience in early years stated that “information is considered qualitative in nature if it cannot be analysed by means of mathematical techniques. This characteristic may also mean that an incident does not take place often enough to allow reliable data to be collected” Qualitative research is used for a better understanding of opinions and motivations. It confirms insights into issues and helps to create ideas and hypotheses for potential qualitative research. Qualitative research also shows the trends in thoughts and opinions, there are several methods to use when using qualitative research such as discussions groups, interviews as well as observations. Some of the methods that are used within qualitative research are one to one interview, focus groups, record keeping, and observations.
One to one Interviews are one of the most commonly used method of qualitative research, the interview is done on a one to one basis between the researcher and interviewee. The interview is done through a conversational style that allows the researcher to gather in depth responses from the interviewee. This method has its advantages as it allows the information that is collected to be precise, the information can be meaningful if the researcher is prepared and experienced. There are two ways that this method can be completed which is either face to face or over the phone, face to face is better as it allows the researcher the chance to read the body language.
Focus groups are done with a small group, within the group specific what, why and how questions are asked to get the required questions. An advantage of his method is that it does not have to be done face to face like the interviews it can be completed through online or paper surveys.
Record keeping allows the researcher to use reliable documents that is related to the research that they are completing. Books and other recorded forms of data can be used with references to relate to the data in the research.
Observations are used to gather systematic information and data, this form of research is mainly used in order to compare quality differences. Qualitative observation consists of characteristics rather than numerical values. It involves the five main sensory organs which are sight, smell, touch, taste and hearing.
When using qualitative research there are several advantages and disadvantage. An advantage to using this form of research is it allows the researcher to go into more depth as it is not only looking at the facts that are involved it include thoughts, attitudes and behaviours within it. Qualitative research also allows the research to expand on the information and data that has been collected as they can ask more questions as a follow up. However, there are also disadvantages such as It uses a smaller group of people foe the researcher to work with which in result is more time consuming for the researcher to collect the information and data that is required for the their research, this form of research is also quite difficult to make comparisons within the result as not all responses may be relatable or similar.
According to Herbst and Coldwell (2004:13) quantitative research “describes, infers, and resolves problems using numbers. Emphasis is placed on the collection of numerical data, the summary of those data and the drawing of inferences from the data”. Quantitative research measures attitudes, opinions and behaviours, it also uses measurable data to create facts and find programs in research. Quantitative data collection methods are a more structured form compared to qualitative methods. Quantitative research is the form of research which the researcher will be using throughout this project on resilience as the information used to support the resilience within early years is secondary research, secondary research is information and data that has been collected and proven in the past, this make it reliable and more accurate for completing research. There are several methods that are used within quantitative research such as the data available on the internet, government and non-government sources, libraries as well as educational institutes.
Data collected on the internet is one of the main methods as it is so easy for researchers to access the resources online. Through online access researches can search topics that relate to the researchers chosen topic to boost and validate their research.
Government and non-government sources allow the researcher to have access to in depth, reliable resources to validate the research that are doing, this method allows the research to reliable and accurately backed up.
Libraries and educational institutes are commonly used methods for researches when using quantitative research as it allows the researcher to be able to use reports and books to back up and support their works. The access the researcher has through these methods are wide and in depth which ensures the researchers work is reliable.
When using quantitative research there are several advantages and disadvantages. An advantage of this form of research is that the information and data that is gathered is accurate, reliable, and valid. All the information that is gathered through this form of research is all second-hand and has been proven and backed which means that the information the researcher is using is facts. Another advantage to this method is it allows the information to come from a wider range of studies which allows a better accuracy rate whereas with qualitative research the information is done with a smaller group which is more time consuming, However, Quantitative research comes with disadvantages as well such as the researcher cannot follow up and ask a question for example if the information was coming from a survey the researcher would not be able to find out more about the answers other than what has been wrote down.
There is another method of research that can be used within research topics and it is called triangulation. Triangulation is when more than one method of research is used within a topic to gather a greater understanding of the information and chosen topic.
Within research there sometimes tends to be some bias, this is when the research leans more towards one side that the agree with rather than looking at both sides of the issue. As researchers we all have our own personal set of perceptions and assumptions, this leads researchers to unconsciously be bias within their work. Researchers can be biased within the topic of resilience they may blame the parents or family members for a child within early years setting not being resilient enough however, there could be other reasons for the child having a lack of resilience such as a traumatic event which could result in the lack of resilience within the child or young person. Researchers can not be bias within their research as would not be fully accurate as they have not considered or viewed all aspects of their topic, the research would then be considered untrue. Throughout the research it is important that the researcher keeps their research ethical, ethics is a set of morals that everyone has regarding their behavior and that actions that they carry out. The researcher ensures the work it ethical through ensuring that all the information and research that they have done is valid and is all of their own words as well as referenced correctly.
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