The phenomenon of child labour during the Industrial Revolution stands as a haunting reminder of the societal changes and ethical challenges that accompanied the rapid industrialization of the 18th and 19th centuries. As factories emerged and technological advancements transformed production, the exploitation of children in...
During the 1800s, the industrial revolution increased the demand for raw materials, as the rate of manufacture in towns across the country increased exponentially. These materials had to be transported over large obstacles in order to reach the factories, this prompted an unprecedented need for...
The Scientific Revolution was a progression of occasions that denoted the rise of present day science during the early current time frame, when advancements in arithmetic, material science, space science, science and science changed the perspectives on society about nature. The Scientific Revolution occurred in...
Industrial revolution has led to invention of many materials which are man-made and not resembling to natural ones. The term xenobiotic (stranger to life) is derived from the Greek word ‘xenon’ – a strange and ‘bios’ – life. For environmental chemist, xenobiotic means foreign to...
In the decades following the Civil War, the U.S became the wealthiest and most industrialized country in the world. The abundance of raw materials contributed to this success given that the United States contained tremendous natural resources that industries in the 1800s depended on. These...
Researchers and historians engaging in the pessimist/optimist debate regarding the Industrial Revolution examine how the standard of living of British workers changed over time from the mid-eighteenth century to the mid nineteenth century, and whether it was beneficial or detrimental to the worker in general....
Later in the 19th century, America's industrial age expanded across the country and impacted certain economic and social changes. The American Industrialist group played a huge role in sculpting these very changes and led to new innovations. Figures such as J.D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, J.P....
The Industrial Revolution marked a turning point in Earth’s human relationship with the environment. A manufacturing transition process had taken place. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, the use of steam power, and the ride of the factory system, etc. The...
When gold was claimed to be discovered near Bathurst NSW in 1851, the news rapidly set off a series of gold rushes attracting fortune seekers from all around the world to Australia. This significant event was a vital factor into altering the course of Australian...
During the British industrial revolution, education became one of the most important topics discussed amongst everyone. Back then, “provision of formal schooling virtually everywhere was scarce-dependent on tuition and fees, voluntarists, and usually limited to males. ” This means that schooling was limited to certain...
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1733 - 1913
Industrial Revolution, in modern history, is the process of change from an agrarian and handicraft economy to one dominated by industry and machine manufacturing.
Historians conventionally divide the Industrial Revolution into two approximately consecutive parts. What is called the first Industrial Revolution lasted from the mid-18th century to about 1830 and was mostly confined to Britain. The second Industrial Revolution lasted from the mid-19th century until the early 20th century and took place in Britain, continental Europe, North America, and Japan. Later in the 20th century, the second Industrial Revolution spread to other parts of the world.
Important inventions included the steam engine, used to power steam locomotives, steamboats, steamships, and machines in factories; electric generators and electric motors; the incandescent lamp (light bulb); the telegraph and telephone; and the internal-combustion engine and automobile, whose mass production was perfected by Henry Ford in the early 20th century.
Historians have identified several causes for the Industrial Revolution, including: the emergence of capitalism, European imperialism, efforts to mine coal, and the effects of the Agricultural Revolution. Capitalism was a central component necessary for the rise of industrialization.
The Industrial Revolution transformed economies that had been based on agriculture and handicrafts into economies based on large-scale industry, mechanized manufacturing, and the factory system. New machines, new power sources, and new ways of organizing work made existing industries more productive and efficient. New industries also arose, including, in the late 19th century, the automobile industry.
The Industrial Revolution increased the overall amount of wealth and distributed it more widely than had been the case in earlier centuries, helping to enlarge the middle class. However, the replacement of the domestic system of industrial production, in which independent craftspersons worked in or near their homes, with the factory system and mass production consigned large numbers of people, including women and children, to long hours of tedious and often dangerous work at subsistence wages.
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