Industrial, Scientific Revolution, Age of Enlightenment, Romanticism: Impact on the World
Having to know the scientific revolution is not just fun but it is also very important for us to know it adds to our general knowledge and how did we reach to this point now in this generation, it’s because of these incredible people in the past that discovered everything that makes us intelligent now, which are mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry. Let’s have a quick look into the different subjects they learn during 16th and 17th century. Nicolas Copernicus, for people that don’t know he was a mathematician and astronomer; he was the one to come up with the sun in the center of the universe theory, which is called heliocentric. His theory was published in 1543. For Physics, Galileo, Let’s talk about a few things he discovered. He discovered Jupiter’s moons, the stars of the Milky Way, and the phases of Venus. Also there is someone I’m sure you all know who he is but if you don’t know he was the one to discover the laws of motion. He was one of the greatest mathematicians during the scientific revolution. He was an English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian and author. They say he was hit by an apple while he was sitting under a tree but it was just an observation that Newton witnessed and it inspired him to look more into it and that how Newton discovered the law of motion. Timeline of the scientific revolution was from 1550 – 1700. Starting with the greatest modern work during that time which was in 1543 where Andreas Vesalius the Flemish anatomist, physician was considered a founder of modern medicine, he was also an author of a book called De Humani Corporis Fabrica Libri Septem which is one of the most influential books on human anatomy. Ending in 1692, where there was a belief in the supernatural, the Salem witch trials, it all started by a group of girls that accused several women saying they possessed them by the devil. There were so many victims accused of being involved in witchcraft.
What does the scientific revolution really mean? At that time they have different beliefs so this was not only different from what they used to believe but it is also against religion. I know this question is being asked, why was religion against science at that time? The reason is the science idea were against the church teachings and if people were following the church teachings and they found out, it will weaken the church and the church officials feared that because if people began to believe in these scientific ideas, then people will start questioning that church.
How did the scientific revolution start and what helped lead it? Nicolas Copernicus, he had the idea that the sun is in the center of the universe and that the earth spins around its axis and that it revolves annually around the sun which is called like I have written before “heliocentric”.
What were the results? Obviously there was a huge development in mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry. During that time there was a new view or a new idea that changed thoughts, ideas, thinking, and minds. That’s how people began to question old beliefs, which after all was proven wrong.
The Enlightenments, also known as the age of reason was at late 17th – 18th century. It was an intellectual movement emphasizing reason, individualism, skepticism, and science. Enlightenment was the belief that god exist but do not interact supernaturally with the universe. Enlightenment thinkers believed they could help create better societies and better people.
One of the most popular people is John Locke, A philosopher and a political theorist. He was the one to do most of the ground work for the enlightenment. His popular view was that the government is obligated to serve people and that’s by protecting life, liberty, and property. He also went on about limiting the power of the government.
The industrial revolution was the time where manufacturing of goods moved from small shops to large factories, which gave more job opportunity for the peasants but they didn’t get a lot of money that will pay for their hard work it was very unfair for the workers to get that much money. It was from 1760 – 1840, starting from Great Britain. Industrial revolution was very significant because of the changes which included the use of new materials, the use of energy sources, and the invention of new machines, a new organization of work known as factory, important developments in transportation and the increasing application of science to industry.
Was the industrial revolution bad or good for the society? The industrial revolution had positive and negative impacts, as for negative impacts, they had poor working conditions where they worked in a very dangerous place and if they get hurt they don’t get health insurance or anything, it’s as it has never happened, forgotten also over work, they worked 16 hours a day which is a whole day. Poor living conditions, They were lacking sanitation which also led to diseases spreading also they didn’t have water at homes and that resulted in people dumping on the streets and throwing their filth and wastes into the street however, most of the filth was thrown in the river which was one of the reason why it was so polluted. Low wages, Even though they work 16 hours a day, they still get too little a week, they get 8$ – 10$ a week and children received even less. Child labors, or using children as servants making them work in filthy and dirty factories, which lacks safety as well and like I said before they pay less to children which is completely unfair also they were not allowed to attend school but since children are paid less they were very profiting. Pollution, Industrial pollution impacted air quality and it caused widespread environmental problems.
Positive impacts, There was an increase in wealth, the production of goods, and the standard of living which resulted in people having better housing and cheaper goods also education increased during that time, it developed economy, it led to the emergence of machines, it caused the mechanization of agriculture, communication and transportation improved dramatically, telegraphs and railroads emerged, and improvements in sanitary conditions and medical care gradually occurred, although they were quite slow.
What were the results of the industrial revolution? The middle and upper class benefitted immediately at that time but for workers they had to form labor unions, they gained higher wages and better working conditions.
Romanticism and realism, it was during 1790 – 1850, Romanticism is the emphasis on feelings, imagination, and emotion while Realism is the belief that the world should be viewed realistically and scientifically.
Romanticism, was a movement in the arts and literature that originated in the late 18th century, emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual, it was also a focus on individual experience, and idealization of women, and an embrace of isolation and melancholy.
Realism is a representation of how things really are, or being practical and facing facts and a realist person is a person who can look at things as they are and deal with it in a practical manner, or an artist or philosopher who believes in showing and discussing realism rather than visionary thoughts.
How did all of this impact the modern world?
The scientific revolution influenced the development of the enlightenment values of individualism because it demonstrated the power of the human mind.
The enlightenment helped combat the excesses of the church, establish science as a source of knowledge, and defend the human rights against tyranny. It also gave us modern schooling, medicine, republics, representative democracy.
The industrial revolution impacted the environment. The world saw a major increase in population but it also increased air and water pollution also the use of fossil fuels.
As for romanticism and realism it affected the modern world in individualism
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