The Description Of Art Deco Style & Period
Art Deco Period
Art Deco, also called Style Moderne is one of the most iconic styles that came into being between the two world wars in the 20thand 30th centuries. This predominant decorative art style enjoys a popularity unrivalled since its inception at “the Exposition Internationale des Arts décoratifs et Industriels Modernes(International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts) held in Paris in1925”, from which the style takes it is name. It combined modernist styles with fine crafts man ship and rich materials. During this time, Art Deco represented glamour, exuberance, luxury and faith in technological and social progress. It easily growth and took influenced the design of furniture designer Emile Jacques Ruhimann, Chrysler building, Rene Lalique glass and jewellery designer, Paul Poiret fashion designer, movie theatres, trains, cars, ocean liners, and every day objects such as vacuum cleaner sand radios. Emile Jacques The Chrysler Building, Ruhlman (French, Skyscraper in1879-1933) New York City
Parrot vase by René Art Deco
Philips Bakelite Lalique,1922 Radio,1933,Holland (GlassArt) (Exampleofobject) Art Deco was a work of art of many different styles; the distinguishing features of the style are usually simple with the clean shapes and often with a“stream lined” look. The ornaments are geometric or stylized from representational forms such as Cubism style, and unusually varied. Nothing was cheap about Art Deco, often expensive materials, which frequently include man made substances such as: pieceof Art Deco jewellery combined diamonds with platinum, plastics, stainless steel, especially Bakelite, vita-glass, and Ferro concrete. The style was used to decorate the first-class salons of ocean liners, deluxe trains, and skyscrapers. It was used a round the world to decorate the great movie palacesofthelate1920sand 1930s.In addition to natural ones silver, jade, obsidian, ivory, rock crystal and plating chrome were appeared. Though Art Deco objects were rarely mass-produced, the characteristic features of the style reflected admiration for the modernity of the machine and for the design qualities of machine-made objects such as relative simplicity, symmetry, planarity, and unvaried repetition of elements. Later, after the Great Depression, the style changed and became more sober.
A great example of the luxury style of Art Deco is the boudoir of the fashion designer Jeanne Lanvin, designed by Armand Albert Rateau(1882-1938)made between 1922-1925.Itwaslocated in herhouseat16 rue Barbetde Jouy, in Paris, which was demolished in 1965.Thewallsarecovered with molded lambris below sculpted bas-reliefs in stucco. The flooris of white and black marble, and in thecabinetsdecorative objectsare displayed againsta background of blue silk. The alcove is framed with columns of marbleon with basesand a plinth of sculpted wood. Her bath room had a washstand and tub made of siennamarble,withawallofcarvedstuccoandbronzefittings.TheroomwasreconstructedintheMuseumofDecorativeArts inParis. JeanneLanvin, 1920s Bath of Jeanne Lanvin, of Armand Albert Rateau, Sienna marble,with1882-1938 decoration of carved stucco and bronze(1922–1925)
Among of formative influences on Art Deco were the Bauhaus, Art Nouveau, bold geometric form sof Cubism and Ballet Russesand Serge Diaghilev. The decorative ideas same from Egyptian, American Indian and early classical sources as well as from nature, characteristic motifs included animals, female figure, sunray, and foliage, all in conventionalized form. Here are some ideas of Art Nouveau, Ballet Russesand Cubism styles; Art Nouveau a French word meaning (new art),is an international style of art, decorative and architecture arts which, was inspired by natural forms and structures particularly the curved lines of plants and flowers. Art Nouveau was well known in between 1890and1910butby 1910,itwasalreadyoutofstyle.ArtNouveau was replaced as the dominant European architectural and decorative style first by Art Deco and then by Modernism.
The Bauhaus, a German word meaning "house of building", wasa school founded in 1919 to 1933 in Weimar, Germany by architect Walter Gropius. The Bauhaus commonly known simply as that combined crafts and the fine arts, and was famous for the approach to design that it publicized and taught. The Bauhaushad a major impact on art and architecture trends in Western Europe, the United States, Canada and Israel. One of the most important contributions of the Bauhaus is in the field of modern furniture design; the ubiquitous Cantilever chair and the Was sily chair designed by Marcel Breuer are another examples. Josef Albers -Nesting Tables
Its chief difference from Art Nouveau is the influence of Cubism, which gives Art Deco design generally amore fragmented, geometric character. However, imagery based on plant forms, and sinuous curves remained in some art deco design, for example that of Clarice Cliff in Britain. Cubism was a revolutionary new approach to representing reality invented in around 1907–08 in France, by artists Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. They brought different views of subjects such as usually objects or figures together in the same picture,resultinginpaintingsthatappearfragmentedandabstracted.In1912,theartists of the Section d'Or exhibited works considerably more accessible to the general public than the analytical Cubism of Picasso and Braque. The Cubist vocabulary was poised to attract fashion, furniture and interior designers. Pablo Picasso Bowl of Fruit, Violin andBottle1914
Art Deco Furniture
Furniture created during Art Deco's early years tended to be an expensive luxury. In the 1920s,the major Paris department stores established decorating departments to provide consumers with everything from large furniture pieces to light fixtures and cocktail sets. Some furniture used rich hard woods like ebony or Makassar, and also featured veneers, or very thin layers of wood used as a surface covering, of exotic woods like zebrawood and mahogany. Other Art Deco furniture incorporated modern materials like aluminium and chrome. Chairs, dressers and cabinets featured smooth, highly polished surfaces that reflected light, emphasizing their newness and modernity. Bold colours like black and red were popular. If the furniture was upholstered, it often used leather Shagreen, which is tanned shark or ray skin or exotic furs. This above photo is interior of a first class smoking room from an ocean liner, 1928. The bold contrast between black and white, the leather upholstery, and strong geometric push of all decorative elements make this a text book Art Deco interior.
Art Deco Lightening
Stylish ,timeless, tasteful, trendy and classic are all words that can be used to describe Art Deco lighting. In vogue for a relatively short period of time, it remains a firm favourite to this day and for good reason. Inspirational, always in vogue and forever elegant, Art Deco style lighting can transform a space into something special. The stylish Art Deco lamp and lighting style spread in to Europe and the USA around1918 but was very short lived. Early designs relied upon geometric angular shapes, with glass and chrome featuring heavily. White and bold black contrasts were often used to create a dramaticeffect.ManyArtDecolampsusedglassadornedwithnaturemotifssuch as shells, flowers and sunrises. LaliqueRené,1926(France)
Art Deco Surface pattern Design and Textiles
Textile design complemented the architecture and the other decorative arts. It was strongly rhythmic, achieved through bold motifs and tight repeats. Colour too was bold; it was most often flat, with strong contrasts in clean shapes. It was experimental as well, and colour was often layered inanexplorationofopticaleffectson2Dsurfaces.DesignerssuchasSonia Delaunayand Raoul Dufywere well known for their distinctive takes on the genre, driven by their own interests in abstract painting, colour and form. Sonya Delaunay, Floral door rug,1925 decoration pattern,RaoulDufy,1945
Art Deco Today
Although it has lost it is popularity after the World War II, Art Decowasrevitalizedduringthe60s and the rise of the consumerist culture. Due to its global visual language and its nature that responds well to the requirements of the mass production, the heritage of this decorative style is still present today, mostly in the field of interior design, fashion, product industrial design, and many other fields. Art Deco items are also becoming increasingly popular in the art market and this newly found appreciation for the movement lead to the establishment of many Art Deco foundations which continue to work on the restoration and preservation of architectural monuments built at the Art Deco golden.
