The Description Of The Great Barrier Reef

Countless factors affect the types of biomes found across the earth's surface. these factors operate on both local and global scales. The type of ecosystem at the bottom of a steep, sided valley is usually different from the ecosystem at the top due to factors such as shade, wind, and moisture. At the global level, climate factors have the most significant impact on the distribution of biomes. The many biomes that exist can be divided into two groups aquatic and terrestrial I've chosen aquatic biome (the Great Barrier Reef). The Great Barrier reef is the world's most extended coral reef. It possesses 2900 smaller reefs joined onto it and it covers over 850 islands and extends over 2600Km. The Great barrier reef can be found in the coral sea, off the coast of Queensland, Australia. The Great barrier reef has any different types of characteristics, for example, it includes deep water features of the adjoining continental shelf including channels, canyons, slopes, and plateaus. It has 3000 coral reefs and 600 continental islands and 150 inshore mangrove islands.

The Great Barrier Reef is a natural treasure and one of the most organized marine areas in the world, but like all the tropical coral reefs around the world, it is under serious threat. These are climate change, poor water quality due to landslides, the effects of coastal development and the long-term effects of fishing. In recent years, severe storms and floods have affected the ecosystem, which is already under pressure. The region has also been affected by the spread of prickly starfish and marine debris. Climate change pressures, when associated with these additional pressures, dramatically reduce the condition of the entire reef throughout the system. The effects of climate change on coral reefs are likely to be detrimental to the survival of coral reefs around the world unless the most powerful measures are taken to mitigate climate change. The reef is already affected by climate change. In particular, 2016 and 2017 saw the second major year of severe coral bleaching. Over time, scale and duration, rocks face a variety of hazards, and the overall effect of these hazards can further weaken their resilience. This is expected to affect the ability to recover from drastic changes predicted in the future, such as extreme coral bleach. The Great Barrier Reef is a dynamic and beautiful ecosystem of invaluable value to Australia and the world. Another major impact of humanity on the coral reef ecosystem of the Great Barrier Reef is its pollution problem. There are many ways humans have added to our marine harmful pollutants, which can cause serious damage to the fragile ecosystems of coral reefs. Deforestation is not directly involved in the destruction of the coral reef, but it has many indirect effects that cause many problems. Sludge runoff leads to many natural and toxic components that can damage coral ecosystems. There are also sediment deposits that occur at the mouth of rivers that connect to the sea. (Coral Reefs, 2004) Another major pollutant that flows from mining and agriculture is where minerals flow into the seas and rivers. This type of pollution in agriculture has a significant negative impact on nutrients shedding from used fertilizers. These fertilizers add nitrogen and phosphorus to the marine ecosystem. These nutrients lead to the depletion of oxygen available to other organisms, leading to the growth of a large number of algae that reduce biodiversity in their affected areas. (Bell RPF, 1992) It also takes a part of the coral, causing algae to bloom, blocking the sun and compromising its viability. Coral reefs are environmentally toxic and are struggling to survive due to human pollution is thrown into the sea by oil spills and other chemicals. Overall human pollution is a major cause of problems related to the Great Barrier Reef and the struggle to survive in today's harsh conditions.

The coral reef biome has been altered in various ways, both naturally and humanly. Climate change has damaged corals in the biome, as has contamination from plastic bags, chemical contamination such as runoff from large estuaries that flow into the reef path, and a few more. The pollution had a significant impact on the Great Barrier Reef and its struggle for survival. The human pollution that has caused so much damage to our reefs must be stopped or significantly reduced to save this fragile ecosystem. Some model estimates show that 22% of the world's coral reefs are threatened by land-based pollution. (Puglise 2007) Land pollution, which affects coral reef ecosystems, has a chemical and nutritional basis. This type of pollution includes fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides, human sewage, and large amounts of sediment from reclaimed coastal land. These pollutants have many serious direct effects on our coral reef ecosystem, such as B. Changes in species composition due to the transition of fauna from phototropic to heterotopic. Due to the increased turbidity of the water due to the pollution process, corals are largely unable to obtain the necessary energy from light. The Great Barrier Reef is very rich in nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus. Other pollutants such as heavy metals also have a major impact on corals.

Coral reefs live in a very precise, delicate and balanced marine environment. Even the slightest change can have a profound effect on the entire coral ecosystem. Coral reefs need light, oxygen, clear water, special nutrients, stable temperature and salinity. In all these specific situations, we can see that human actions can pose a serious threat to coral reefs. Coral reefs can withstand natural stress through adaptation. However, the current human pressure is so destructive to the rocks that they cannot recover. Currently, 'more than half of the world's coral reefs are at high or medium risk'. The destruction of corals in the Great Barrier Reef will have an impact on the tourism industry. Because corals are the main attraction of these national parks, their extinction will greatly reduce the ecology in these areas. Tourism is the main source of income for the countries benefiting from this income.