The Effect Of Television Exposure On Children’s Behavior

The first source, “The Association Between Electronic Media and Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Late Childhood” explore relation between behavioral and emotional problems and frequently use of electronic media. The purpose of this study was show consequences and implications in child hood for a high use of electronic media through a qualitative study using a specific questionnaire “parents reported on their child’s emotional and behavioral problems’’. The participants consist of 1239 children (female and male) between 8 to 9-year-old in the childhood through the parents’ consent form. In other words this research was conducted inside an ethical manner. The random sample was 43 primary schools (government, catholic, independent strata) in metropolitan Australia. As a result this study expose that children who spent more time plays video games had significantly higher odds of scoring borderline/abnormal on conduct. In addition, “television viewing was associated with greater odds of hyperactivity/inattention in boys specifically”.

Similarly associations were found between television viewing, video game playing and children’s aggression in source “Is aggression in children with behavioral and emotional difficulties associated with television viewing and video game playing? A systematic review ”. This study focuses on children and young people with behavioral and emotional problems. In this research, unsuccessfully evidence found was deficient and imprecise; despite include quantitative and qualitative studies. A total of 48 researches were taken it including qualitative and quantitative methods, for analyses relationship between consumption of aggressive content, amount of television and video game playing with behavioral and emotional difficulties. This research includes ages between 5 to 18-year-old but varied with demographic, ethnicity and gender. The results indicated that all studies take for this research had significant flaws and thus, overall, the quality of evidence is poor.

The source, “Television viewing and hostile personality trait increase the risk of injuries” hopes to expose the problem of relationship between high frequency of watch TV, hostile and risk for injury. The purpose of this research aimed to ‘’examine whether personality trait modifies the association between TV viewing and injuries’’. The goal of the research was to be able to establish and demonstrate that reduction of TV viewing and TV content reduces injury risk. The study’s primary aim was to collect data through a quantitative method where 5115 black and white young adults between 18- 24 years old were recruited majority of them with high school or less than high school education. Participants were recruited from four geographic locations Alabama, Illinois, Minnesota and California, they complete a baseline exam. The research was conducted inside an ethical manner participants received a detailed description of the project and was approved by the University of Pittsburgh IRB. The results provide an increase in TV viewing increase risk of injury. Furthermore, study exposes the psychosocial impact. The researchers suggest that prevention programmers aimed at reducing exposure to TV viewing should target both content of TV programmers and reducing the amount of TV viewing.

The study “Effect of Electronic Media on Children’’ explore increase exposure of children to new forms of media and review the current literature on media impacts on child health in both Western and Indian countries. The purpose of this study was to understand how Media's negative impact can be reversed and made more positive. The research suggests optimize media's role in our society, harnessing their positive attributes and minimizing their negative ones. This qualitative study show that 80 % of adolescents had access at least to one form of new media technology (cell phone, personal, data assistant, computer ). This source takes data from a national survey conducted by the Kaiser Family Foundation where it was found that children aged between 8 and 18 years had an average 6-hour use time in the media. This study was conducted inside an ethical manner and APA codes. In addition, researchers found media has a positive potential and effects in child health. They suggest that counteract negative with positive content it with promises to be an effective tool in shaping the behavior of children and adolescents.

The last source “Media and Children’s Aggression, Fear, and Altruism ‘’ analyses clue on the relationship between media and children’s emotions. They suggest that children can learn from watching the emotional experiences of media characters about the nature and causes of different emotions, and often experience empathy with those characters. Wilson found that children's media depends more on the kind of content they find attractive than on the sheer amount of time they spend in front of the screen. This study shows how the susceptibility of children to media influence can vary by gender, age, and how realistic they perceive the media. The main goal of this research was review a previous source that examines top 10 cable TV programs of USA in 2007. In addition this study expose various types of media content and various social outcomes (TV violence and aggression, videogame violence and aggression, TV and fear of victimization, prosocial TV and altruism, prosocial TV and social interaction, prosocial TV and tolerance for others,. This study was conducted inside APA codes. Wilson suggests the importance of parental involvement to monitor type of content that their children consume and time they spend watching TV and playing video games.

References

• Fabio, A., Chen, C.-Y., Dearwater, S., Jacobs, D. R., Erickson, D., Matthews, K. A., … Pereira, M. A. (2015). Television viewing and hostile personality trait increase the risk of injuries. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 24(1), 44–53. doi: 10.1080/17457300.2015.1061560
• Mitrofan, O., Paul, M., & Spencer, N. (2009). Is aggression in children with behavioural and emotional difficulties associated with television viewing and video game playing? A systematic review. Child: Care, Health and Development, 35(1), 5–15. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2008.00912.x
• Mundy, L. K., Canterford, L., Olds, T., Allen, N. B., & Patton, G. C. (2017). The Association Between Electronic Media and Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Late Childhood. Academic Pediatrics, 17(6), 620–624. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2016.12.014
• Ray, M., & Jat, K. R. (2010). Effect of electronic media on children. Indian Pediatrics, 47(7), 561–568. doi: 10.1007/s13312-010-0128-9
• Wilson, B. J. (n.d.). Media and children's aggression, fear, and altruism. The Handbook of Children, Media, and Development, 235–267. doi: 10.1002/9781444302752.ch11