The Syrian Refugee Crises in 2011
The Syrian War is a little Complex Arab spring war. It began in early spring of 2011 with nationwide protests against President Bashar al-Assad's government whose forces responded with violent crackdowns, it is the longest running war since the World War two. Countless fractures and fissures have made it one of modern history's most dangerous conflicts. IT gradually morphed from prominent protests to an armed rebellion after months of military sieges, major nations where involved, the Russian, the United States Government, then there are some Rebel groups, then we have the Kurdish group, some are fighting in the name of religion, while some of them are protecting their towns and cities, you see everyone has their own vested interest, and because of this civil war there has been a huge Refugee crisis, so basically people from Syria are seeking refuge in Europe and other nearby Nations. After only three years of war and about 150000 deaths, and continued over 100,000 lives were claimed, the Syrian conflict turned into a civil, cold and holy war. This paper typifies the Syrian conflict, tracks the root of the conflict, and to view escalation and de-escalation stages analyzing the failed conflict resolution mechanism that occurred.
Syrians have for a century welcomed over a million refugees from Armenia, Palestine, Iraq and other countries around the region. Now, thanks to a civil war with no end in sight, they are on track to become the source of the world’s largest refugee population. As Jordan, Lebanon, Turkey and other neighbors strive to accommodate millions of Syrians, the risk of making them dependent on emergency aid and forming a “lost generation” remains. Ultimately, though, the safety of displaced Syrians rests with the whole international community, with more than 6 million people internally displaced. The Syrian refuges has been rising but they are just one part of the worst refugee crisis since World War II, and wealthy countries have been criticized for not doing more to open their doors to them, and it vary from one country to another.
In this situation, People went from the humanitarian crisis to places that is save for them and to start their life away from war zone, like Europe and Turkey, tiny Lebanon holds the distinction of hosting the most refugees per capita of in the world, and because Lebanon is near to Syria, many crossed the border into Lebanon. But even though they are out of the war zone, they have to fight for their lives more than ever. Lebanon currently hosts 1.5 million Syrian refugees. However, the welcome has worn thin as Lebanon's economy struggles with high debt and unemployment, the refugees mostly stayed in the Bekaa Valley, which serves as the main passageway between Damascus and Beirut, is now home to the largest concentration of Lebanon’s Syrian refugees. Currently in Lebanon there is one Syrian for every four Lebanese citizens, a population growth that has created a strain on the small villages and towns that bear the responsibility of hosting the refugees. Al Marj, a small city of about 15,000 in the southern end of the Bekaa Valley, is home to a refugee camp where approximately 400 families are living, and struggling for their lives, especially the faring as winter fully sets in, and found that the freezing temperatures are only one of their big problems. The UNHCR cannot help all the Syrian refuges, they take only important and urgent matters, where the Lebanese people living in the Bekaa Valley are five thousand and 400 hundred, and now after the Syrian war the refuges exceeded this number of locals, especially not many are even registered in the UNHCR so they are much more, they get only 60% of their basic needs. Local NGOs tried to help in this crises but it is not enough. Turkey has a similar situation and challenges like Lebanon, it is hosting a large refugee population goes beyond humanitarian assistance, for the community and future of the country. Many municipalities in Turkey have embraced programs that seek to integrate rather than isolate the refugees, improving the urban environment for all inhabitants.
Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, did not know how to control this crises, most of his people wanted basic needs and called for freedom, in this situation Assad and his regime were supposed to be democratic in there ruling, but his regime handled this crises In a dictatorship way, President Basher al-Assad was accused of killing hundreds of people. The assault on rebel held areas on the outskirts of the capital Damascus left over 200 people dead according to medical sources. By that the UN team came to Syria to investigate the alleged use of chemical weapons. During the two-year civil war, the Syrian government denies the use of nerve gas, he has defended his government's actions in the region since the uprising against his rule, which erupted in 2011, denied that his forces had dropped barrel bombs indiscriminately on rebel held areas, killing thousands of civilians, and dismissed as propaganda a statement by the UN that his government often blocks access to besieged areas for relief organizations. Claims that the chemical attack by his forces were '100% fabrication'. In an exclusive video interview with AFP news agency, he said 'there was no order to make any attack'. More than 80 people were killed in the rebel-held town of Khan Sheikhoun on 4 April, and hundreds suffered symptoms consistent with a nerve agent. Witnesses said they saw warplanes attack the town but Russia says a rebel depot of chemical munitions was hit. At that time U.S President Donald Trump took to twitter to call Syria's Bashar al-Assad a 'gas killing animal,' as the world weighs its options in response to a suspected chemical attack. Trump also told Russia to prepare for a missile attack, which prompted Vladimir Putin's government to issue its own warning.
Russia has played a major role in the Syrian Civil War and has garnered controversy over its airstrikes along with Syrian government forces against terrorist organizations and other rebel groups. They were accused of targeting civilians and backing the Syrian regime suspected of using chemical weapons and barrel bombs on its own citizens, The US government is threatening to end all cooperation with Russia if the bombing continues. Russia involvement in the Syrian crises has many advantages. One, they're supporting an ally. Bashar al-Assad's government is under attack. First by popular uprisings, and then by terrorist groups, and other armed groups backed by countries in the region. And they're not letting him fall. The Russians are concerned that if Assad fell, that you would either have a group in power that included jihadists who would be inimical to US and Russian, and other interests, actually. Or you would have a continually destabilized state that allowed these terrorist groups to continue. Two, there's a counter-terrorism piece. This is what the Russians tell the Americans when we talk about Syria with them. They say Moscow shares Washington's interests in combating terrorist groups like ISIS and Al-Qaeda. That's true to a certain extent. Although, Russia takes a broader view of what it considers to be terrorist groups than the United States does. It is more inclined towards Assad's definition, which is any armed group which opposes him, rather than the strict UN definition which would be Islamic State, Al-Qaeda. But it is correct to say that Russia also supports counter terrorism activity. Three, is challenging the US role. In a kind of lesson learned from the previous era, Russia went along with the UN resolution which allowed what was then called the Right to Protect Use of Force in Libya during the Obama administration. And that ended up leading to the downfall of Gaddafi, and we saw what happened there. Russia is not ever going to let that happen again. They're going to try to prevent, actually, any US or other military intervention that could destabilize a friendly state.
It's kind of a demonstration effect to the rest of the Middle East. Russia stands by its allies in the region. People take note of that. When Assad was on the ropes, Russia stepped up with a substantial military power to keep him in power. The Iranians too, but it was the Russian initiative and Russian airpower which has been instrumental in Assad's ability to hang.
President Donald Trump backing up from Syria has many potential in violence and the fight against ISIS not to mention America’s allies in the country and the Syrian people who hoped to see an end to war, but defense Secretary Mark Esper announced that Trump had ordered the remaining 1,000 US troops to withdraw from northeastern Syria, effectively leaving America’s Kurdish allies to fight Turkey on their own and potentially making it easier for ISIS to reconstitute in the area. In response, the Kurds struck a deal just hours later with Syrian President Bashar al-Assad’s government which is backed by both Russia and Iran allowing his forces to come into Kurdish-controlled towns and cities in order to help the Kurds fight off Turkey, then Trump announced on twitter “Big sanctions on Turkey coming!” to punish Ankara for its incursion into Syria, a move that’s unlikely to convince Turkey to stop its military operation but that will certainly cause further strain in the US’s relationship with its NATO ally.
There are millions of people who need assistance in Syria due to many interfere and US leaving Syria and letting more freedom to ISIS which are in the country’s northeast. Many people left on the run and many need help and guide but some will not receive the aid they need because vital groups have had to withdraw their presence due to mounting violence, Which means if conditions in Syria are bad now and they are there’s a decent chance it could all get so much worse.
The Assad regime has not won anything. It has merely survived at the cost of Syrians’ blood and fear stability remains far out of reach, it is no longer in open civil war, but the country’s political crisis is intensifying. Assad should change his democracy or have some concessions in order to help his people.
References
- http://theconversation.com/syrian-refugees-in-turkey-are-there-to-stay-at-least-for-now-125176
- Turkey and problems of Ankra incursion into Syria
- Syria and Bashar Al Assad regime
- US withdrawl from Syria
