Color Fastness Properties Of Tie-Dyed Cotton Fabric With Reactive Dye By Increasing Temperature

White cotton knit fabric (100 % cotton single jersey), GSM 150, Reactive dyes (Remazol Red), Glauber salt, sodium carbonate, Dyeing auxiliaries, Stirrer, Nose mask, Beakers, Hand gloves, Weighing balance, Sample dyeing M/C, Basic laboratory glass wares, such as, conical flasks, measuring cylinders, thermometer, stirring rod, and volumetric flask.

METHODS:

Table:

Proportion of dyeing auxiliaries and parameter of cotton fabric tie dyeing process with reactive dye:

SL Dyeing variables Selected proportions

1. Wetting agent (g/l) 01
2. Sequestering agent (g/l) 1.5
3. Levelling agent (g/l) 01
4. Concretion Reactive dye (%) 04%
5. Glauber salt (Na2 SO4.10.H2O), (g/l) 60 g/l
6. Sodium Carbonate (Na2 CO3), (g/l) 15g/l, 18g/l, 20g/l
7. Dyeing Time (minutes) 60 mins
8. Dyeing Temperature (ᵒ C) 30 ᵒC, 60 ᵒC
9. Dyeing pH 10-10.5
10. Sample weight 5 gm

Generally cotton is in grey. All the process have done before using, like scouring bleaching for maximum absorption of dye or any kind of solution. Before using collected all data in the fabric such as-fabric GSM, count and thickness. After collected all preliminary data wetted 6 samples and every sample is 5 gm. This experiment is overcome by tow process, one is room temperature and another is 60◦c. Calculated all auxiliaries chemicals and dye. Here dye concentrate is use 4% in both experiment and all auxiliaries’ amounts are same but soda ash is different amount and that is – 15 g/l, 18g/l, 20g/l in both temperature.

Set the bath with substrate at room temperature 32◦c and 60 c added wetting agent, sequestering agent, and levelling agent. After adding all auxiliaries then taken glauber salt, soda ash and dye added on the solution. In this step fabric was adding by room temperature and also 60 c. run the bath for 60 minutes. After complete 60 minutes drop the dye bath and carry on the after treatment.

For better colorfastness after treatment is very important process.

SL After treatment Chemicals Selected proportions

1. Acetic Acid 1 g/l
2. Detergent- 1 g/l
3. Soda Ash 1 g/l
4. Temperature 100◦c
5. Time 10 min
6. M: L with enough

In this step firstly rinse the dyed sample with 50◦c hot water for 10 minutes. Then neutralize this sample with acetic acid at 50◦c. After finish acid wash it needs soap wash according to below recipe- detergent-1gm/l, soda ash-1 g/l, temperature-100 c, time-10 min with enough water.

Rinse with 90◦c hot water for 10 minutes. Rinse with cold water for 5 minutes. Textile fabric has many properties. Fastness property is one of the most important properties of them. The resistance of color to fade or bleed of a dyed or printed textile material to various types of influences like water, light, rubbing, washing, perspiration etc.

Color fastness to wash is very important for dyed materials. The ability of a dyed fabric to retain its original shade during washing is called wash fastness.

Wash fastness:

SL Wash fastness Chemicals

Selected proportions

1. Detergent (ECE Nonphosphate) 4g/l
2. Sodium per borate 1 g/l
3. M:L 1:50
4. Time 30
5. Temperature 60◦C
6. Steel ball As per required
7. Machine Gyro wash, Oven dryer & Sewing machine.

Sample size is 10 cm x 4 cm & Multi-fiber was also 10 cm x 4 cm. Condition has been followed by ISO C03

Method: ISO 105-2CS:2002 . Detergent (ECE Nonphosphate) – 4gm/l, Sodium perborate – 1 gm/l, steel ball, time-30 minutes, temperature-60c with 1:50 water.

Multi-fiber fabric is attached with the sample fabric by means of sewing by the white color sewing thread in the two ends. Colored fabric with the multi-fiber is treated in a wash vessel containing liquor by ECE detergent and sodium per borate. The sample was kept in 60◦C for 30 minutes in gyro wash machine. After treating the sample in wash vessel it will be dried in a woven. Then sewing thread is unraveled for separating the sample and multi-fiber. Using color change grey scale and color staining scale a appropriate ratting is given. A multifibre fabric is given 6 color staining ratting each for individual fiber. Result is measured by using grey scale & staining scale.

Perspiration fastness:

Perspiration can be either acidic or alkaline. Most of the tests for perspiration fastness are based on a solution containing the chemical histidine. Sample Dimension: Sample size is 10 cm x 4 cm & Multifibre is 10 cm x 4 cm.Method: Color fastness to perspiration to E04.

SL Perspiration Chemicals (Alkaline) Selected proportions

1. Histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate 0.5gm
2. Sodium chloride 05gm
3. Disodiumhydrogen orthophosphate 2.5gm
4. Sodium hydroxide 0.1
5. pH 8

Alkaline Solution. Freshly prepared containing 0.5 gm. histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate 5 gm sodium chloride 2.5 gm disodium hydrogen orthophosphate per liter brought to pH 8 with 0.1N sodium hydroxide.

SL Perspiration Chemicals (Acid) Amounts

1. Histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate 0.5gm
2. Sodium chloride 05gm
3. Sodium di hydrogen orthophosphate 2.2gm
4. Sodium hydroxide 0.1gm
5. pH 5.5

Acidic Solution Freshly prepared containing 0.5 gm histidine monohydrochloride monohydrate 5 gm sodium chloride 2.2 gm sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate per liter brought to pH 5.5 with 0.1N sodium hydroxide.

Thoroughly wet one composite specimen in the solution at pH 8 (for alkaline) at a liquor ratio of 50:1and allow is to remain in the solution for 30 minute at room temperature. Wipe excess liquid from the specimen between two plates of the per spirometer under a pressure of 12.5 KPa. This process is repeated with the other composite specimen in the acid solution using a separate per spirometer. Place the per spirometer in an oven at 37ºC temperature for 4 hour. Remove the specimen, opened out it and allowed to dry. Both specimen are then assessed for color change of the test fabric and staining of the adjacent fabric.