Concept, Types & Theories Of Self-Motivation
Motivation is a reason or reasons for acting in a certain way. It usually is when someone is trying to give you that urge to go and performance or comeback and win. Motivation is a driving force used when athletes need pumping up for so many reasons. For example, training motivation would be I’m training to do this to reach the end goal and you can’t give up on that. This motivation can be given in many forms like self-motivation when you can hype yourself up and give yourself the urge to do it. Another major motivation in sport is a coach’s motivation as he/she will explain why you need to motivate yourself and want you gain and this is done by them in any tone of voice best for you normally as they want that urge from you to win or carry on. Motivation drives so many athletes forward and allows to reach the next level as that have that willingness and go for it attitude to push themselves in training, competition, life or even injury. Any situation you’re in sport motivation is need in any kind of aspect even when your resting you still need the desire to win and keep going when you need to.
My definition of motivation is an urge and a drive to succeed and push yourself with a certain factor influencing it. The actual definition of motivation is a reason or reasons for acting or behaving in a way. Two types of motivation are intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic has three types of motivation which are being motivated by accomplishments which is so key to people wanting to do things as it rewards them win trophies, medals and recognition. Which plays sports so competitive as accomplishments gives people that motivation to go out there and win. Another type of intrinsic motivation is stimulation/ adrenaline which is when competition in the sport is gives them that feeling of adrenaline and willingness to win and compete as they love the sport and the competition they compete in. this type of motivation is so key to success as if your love the sport the motivation is so natural and easy to yourself and you bound to succeed and keep progressing. The final type of intrinsic motivation is knowledge and curiosity of the sport.
The motivation includes wanting to learn and develop in the sport by getting involved and learning the new techniques to improve yourself and finding out how good you can become by doing this. This motivation is so key when starting a sport as if you’re very interested in getting involved you will develop further and learn things quicker due to your curiosity and motivation pushing you along. Extrinsic motivation has two different types of motivation which include tangible motivation which is motivation where your motivated by taking something away from the sport like a medal or trophy to show your success and prove your good at the sport. This type of motivation is very good as you so motivate to win something it allows you to progress and succeed as your needing success, so you do the middle part of getting to that success without issues as you know the reward at the end. The other type of extrinsic motivation is intangible motivation which is seeing other people performance and success in sport and what to emulate that feeling and success they’ve had so it gives you motivation to go out there and get involved in sport as you’ve seen the benefits and how enjoyable it is to get involved with so intangible motivation is usually younger kids watching pro athletes and wanting what they have.
Achievement motivation is some people take risks to get a higher achievement where others are willing to take a lower result and not risk failing in attempt to get higher. The two types of achievement motivation are NACH which is need to achieve where an athlete in football for example is when an athlete is through on goal and need one more goal to get top Goal scorer in the league but an teammate could have an empty net if they passed but as they want to achieve and break the record they will shoot and risk missing as its part of their personality and who they needing to achieve. Whereas the other type of achievement motivation is NAF which is needing to avoid failure would pass the ball to their teammate to ensure they score a goal, so they don’t fail and risk something for a reward which wasn’t guaranteed, and this is part of their nature and personality. Attribution theory is how sports performers perceive success and failure of their performance and how it effects future performance and motivation. Attribution theory is broken into three dimensions. The first is stability if the attribution is permanent or likely to change. Stability can be put into stable and unstable. Stable is internal factors like pride, confidence, competence and ability of self this are all effect internally by performance and usual the factors that always happen and can change in how your confidence will go down or up but will always be a factor in sport performance. Whereas the external stable factors are poor facilities, ability of others and task difficulty this are always different dependent where the event is who’s in the event and you can control this factor of sports that’s why they are external.
The unstable factors of stability in internal factors are gratitude, luck and ability of others. These factors are unstable as its due to luck and won’t happen every time as it’s all about that day of performance and who’s the competition as they are internal factors but won’t always happen as luck is random. The unstable external factors are fatigue, weather, fluctuations of skill and mood this an external factor as you can do anything about them, but they are unstable as it’s not always going to affect your performance as weather can always be different and that’s why they are unstable factors which will change your sporting performance. Locus of causality if the behavior was internal and external which links to unstable and stable being internal and external factors of your performance and will always be part of your performance.
The final factor is locus of control which is within in the performer control or not controlled. Controlled can be determine be by events and are normally stable and internal factors towards your performance. Uncontrolled cannot be determine by event and usually are unstable and external. This is all to do with the performers and coaches’ emotional response to performance as the factors which are affecting it. 3 views of motivation are traits, situational and interactional. Some people believe motivated behavior is primally a function of induvial characteristics for example goals and personality. So, your motivation is how you are born essentially as its all to do with your personality and your natural traits. As coach’s day you can develop some traits, but some people are born winners and some losers. They can judge players of this and performance which is harsh if you are born a loser in their eyes but still believe your motivation can change or be developed. Trait will affect your motivation is a bad way if a coach says your born a loser as its essentially them giving up on you before it started whereas people born winners will use as they going to make and succeed in life so it’s a very narrow view on motivation. The second view is situational motivational which is all too with the surrounding area and where you are your motivational behavior will adapt to the situation and you should adapt the best as a performer to show how you can handle the situation. So certain competitions or sport have different levels of motivation or is it to do with the athletes drive inside.
This motivation impacts sport is a positive way as you should want to succeed in the sport which you a performer, so it should motivative you to perform well and succeed. The final view of motivation is interactional which is both trait and situation motivation effecting your motivation for a sport as your instinct and then how you react to the situation which is the most natural and common thing in sport which majority of sport performers do in sporting scenarios. This effects sport performers good or bad dependent on how you react to situation and how your personality is which sounds the most reasonable view to have on people motivation. This is the same in your personalities in sport as some people say your traits and how you’ve grown up will be your personality for your life with minor changes, but coaches will know if your right or wrong which very unfair and shouldn’t be used to judge are motivation or personality like that in sport. Situational personality is how athletes react to the situation and how they are due to their personality but will change it if needed but still unfair view if some people don’t react well to certain scenarios and people blame their motivation or personality which is an unfair judgement in sport. The final one for personality is interactional view of personality which is both trait and situational combine which is a fair view as both factors will come into effect in sport and that’s how they should judge you.
The drive theory is a theory that attempts to prove that high performance comes with high arousal and low performance is low arousal. So, it is proving why it’s important to have a high arousal going into a sport as it will benefit your performance and ability when your arousal is at its highest. Another theory which agrees with half of the drive theory is the inverted u theory which shows your arousal needs to be high in performance to reach your best but its reaches it limit in the performance and you will only decline after its peaks so it’s all about hitting the peak mid-way when the athlete is at his best and then towards the end he performance will decline, not due to arousal but physical performance and endurance coming into factor which is a more realistic theory than the drive theory as it has more to do with the body endurance in sport. Sport performance needs motivation but some motivation can be positive, and some can be negative so it ensuring you have the right motivation to succeed in your sport. The positive motivation in sport is play, perform, train, compete and work hard at any opportunity. These types of motivation as so key to getting better and wanting to win.
As your determined and willing to progress and develop which makes them positive to your sporting performance. However negative motivations are overtraining which is training to often without rest and not being able to cope with the standards you have set but your so determined to improve you think it’s good for yourself which is bad and classed as a negative motivation. Another negative motivation is staleness when you not able to maintain your previous standards and performance is decline as someone think in your training isn’t working but your motivation is still there to train you don’t notice the problems of the no progress in the training and that’s why its negative motivation. The final negative motivation is burnout when an athlete can keep up with the standards of training and competitions but are still motivated to compete as it isn’t healthy for them can cause an issue to their body and might cause they health issues and that’s why it’s a negative motivation.
My personality types are extraversion and neuroticism are I have different traits for both categories but aren’t psychoticism very often. This shows I can be very relaxed and calm but also be sociable and outgoing as it depends who I’m with and the situation I’m in as I open myself up to people closer to me but don’t always let people in that aren’t very close to me which sums up why I’m in both categories. My reference for this work was learnzone. Personality is the combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character. This is the actual definition of personality, but I believe personality is your view and aspect of life and how you chose to portrait yourself to everyone.
Type a, b, ab
Personality affects sporting performance in many ways. As people personality can change people performance and game plan as if someone is very quiet and chill out in a sport their opposition won’t be as intense and they game will be competitive but won’t have an intensive edge compared to an induvial whose very confident and cocky. Their opponent will be heated and competitive wanting to beat them, so they can show off and the game is very different as it also becomes a personal battle very much.
Psychology aspects of sport change so many things because if you can get into your opponent’s head it will affect their judgement in a bad or good way making the game harder or easier and so many competitive athletes try it as its part of their personality and want to use it to their advantage to try a win the match. Athletes vs non athletes in personality is people believe athletes are more independent, more objective and less anxious this is said by schurr, Ashley and joy in 1977 but the counter argument to this athletes have a stage to show themselves whereas non athletes are usually living a more ordinary life when they don’t need to show these characteristics and that doesn’t allow them to prove people that could be them if they had follow the same route. Personality is different for everyone and athletes just show more of these characteristics in their personality as they’ve the platform to show their personality compared to non-athletes, but the quote is wrong as it’s all about everyone specific personality. Team vs induvial sports personality is exactly the same as non-athletes and athletes as people have their own personality and identity but people assume due to the sport or path they taken they can prove certain personality make it but it’s all about how they person what to go in life and team and individual have differences of more dependent and extroverted compared to individuals who are independent and introverted but that due to how the platform of sport has shown the their personality. It’s all to do with interactional personality as people adapt and show their natural personality in sport so change for the camera and more honest within the team. So, the sport is similar just the athletes are being interactional.
There are 3 levels of personality that people see of you. Level 1 personality is your psychology core which is your deepest part of your personality which only a few people ever see, and they are very close to usually as your willing to open to them. Level 2 personality is your typical responses to situations and environments around you are the certain time. So, this is your usual consistent behavior which people see of you. Level 3 personality is your shallowest level of personality. So, you change to adapt to situations you find yourself in. so your different with friends and family for example. This marten schematic view of all the levels of personality everyone has and how they show them in different ways. So different people see certain levels and different situation other levels show which is very true in some ways as everyone is changing themselves with people to suit best or to feel most comfortable and this theory agrees with that. That are four factors which are to keep in mind with the theory which are internal and external things you change and things the situation change but also unstable and stable which are somethings are always the same and others are always different and how you react to that happening.
The psychodynamic theory is that personality is made up of two parts conscious and unconscious parts. The first part of the theory is the Instinctive drive which is your unconscious personality which makes you do certain things without thinking like an instinct as some people in competition will thrive naturally in pressure and some will crumble in pressure as its your personal personality on what will happen. The conscious part of it is your ego which your normal personality which you’ve developed and grown up into. The theory is called psychodynamic theory as its tries to give the individual a whole personality broken down rather than one set thing which most other theories try to prove. An example of my motivation is sport is when I played rugby when I was 15 I didn’t have the motivation to go training every week as I found it tiring and didn’t have the effort to commit to it which is a poor attitude in sport to have and why you start to decline. This affected my performance as I wasn’t training enough to help progress my skills and my motivation wasn’t as high as it would be if I went to the training session so it started showing a decline in my performance and my motivation for the sport in general which is why so many athletes give up on sports.
Another example of my motivation in sport was when I played squash around 13 years old and I was selected to play county level which meant I had more commitments as an extra day of training and playing but this motivated me to show up to every training to prove I deserved to stay at county level and my motivation was at its highest as I was to progress and get better so I could win my games in county. So, my performance levels increased massively as my motivation was very high which had a positive effect on me. My final example of motivation in sport was when I played rugby sevens in a tournament for my school at a high level. This meant I had to play and work a lot harder to ensure I put in a good performance and this tournament gave me that motivation to improve my levels of performance to ensure I could keep up with the high standards of players and help my team win the matches. My motivation was very high for the competition which showed in the competition when I help defend well and score tires as motivation was a positive affect on my performance this time.
