Modern And Sophisticated Methods For Reduction Of Air Pollution 

The definitions may be as substances that haven’t been part of atmosphere (air) but suddenly included and cause harmful results on environment known to be air pollutants or the phenomenon called Air pollution. Air pollutants divided into outdoor air pollutants that are particulates matters, Carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, chemical vapors, ground level Ozone, Tobacco smoke etc and Indoor air pollutants that are carbon monoxide gases and Radon gases, chemicals, household materials, building materials like lead, Outdoor indoor allergens, Tobacco smoke and mould and pollens etc.

These were the pollutants causative agents for air pollution and the causes which are causes of the emission of such pollutants include usage of fossil fuels by burning, agricultural activities, factories and industries exhausted pollutants or substances, mining operations, indoor air pollution (paints, cleaning products) and many others. The air pollution have severe effects on human (cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, skin diseases, premature birth and even death in some cases), on Earth (Global warming, Acid rain, Eutrophication, Depletion of ozone layer) and on wild life. Air pollution can be reduced by some proposed ways which include Using public transportation, Conservation of Energy, Understanding the concept of Reuse, Reduce, Recycle, Emphasizing on pure energy resources, using Energy efficient devices and most importantly, spreading more awareness amongst people about air pollution. As much the people are educated about it, the more they will be concerned about it.

Modern and Sophisticated methods for Air pollution Reduction:

1. Gosun stoves: Solar cookers is an environmental friendly way to cook, roast, fry, bake and boil foods up to three pounds. It is made up of mirror and aluminium foil which converts the sunlight into heat and very useful for outdoor cooking specially, rather than coals like fuels which emit harmful toxins to the environment.
2. Avani Eco bags: Plastic bags do not biodegrade easily, they end up in the oceans where they insecure environment for the sea life. 15% to 40% of Plastic waste including plastic bags end up in the oceans. An entrepreneur from Bali, Kevin Kumala decided to do something about this problem, he got an idea of biodegradable plastic bags which can be made from cassava, a starchy tropical root that’s grown as a farm crop in many countries. He often dissolves the bags into hot water and drink the concoction for demonstrating the safeness of bags as these bags are tough and edible. Kumala’s company also manufacture other biodegradable products like food containers and straws which are made of sugar cane and corny starch.
3. Adidas Recycled Shoes: Adidas shoes are great application of Recycling. These are 3-D printed shoes made by the recycling of plastic collected from the oceans of Maldives surrounding which comprised of 95% recycles plastic and 5% recycled polyester. 11 plastic bottles are recycled for making one pair of shoes. This recycling method can reduce the amount of plastic in the oceans.
4. Air Ink: Another application of recycling is the air ink. The ink for pen made up of pollutants exhausted from cars in India. In this recycling, a device is attached to the car mufflers which trap the pollutants and carbon extracted from that and used as ink in pens. Each pen contains the ink of 30 to 40 emissions of pollutants from single car.
5. Gas to Liquids: Shell has introduced an alternative fuel to diesel is GTL means gas to liquid wich is derived from natural gas for which the engine doesn’t need any modification. It has been tested on heavy duty trucks which showed that the emission of nitrogen oxides (NOx) could be reduced by 5-37%, and particulate matter (PM) could be reduced by 10-38% depending on vehicle age. GTC is being produced in important quantities globally, available in Netherlands commercially and use in UK but it’s uses are limited. Dimethyl ether (DME) also a derivative of natural gas and can be used as an alternative of diesel and can reduce the emission of Nitrogen Oxides by around 25%, but it needs some engine modifications. But some companies like Volvo and Ford are investigating for the use of dimethyl ether as a fuel in vehicles.
6. Hydrogen Fuel Additives: The Hydrogen fuel additives are the additives added into the vehicle air intake in small amount which creates a more efficient burn. This is bein practice by the UK developer CGON. It reduces the emission of Oxides of Nitrogen, Matter Particulates, Hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. It can be applied to the existing vehicles as an additive and is available commercially but has been sold in a very small amount to date.
7. Autonomous Vehicles: Several studies have proven that autonomous vehicles reduce emission of local pollutants and green house gases, improve fuel efficiency by 15-40% as it reduce the stop-start nature of traffic (which is caused by the way we humans drive). It can change the way vehicles use the road network. This autonomous vehicles are being used in some countries.
8. Liquid Air: Refrigerated vans and trucks are major sources of air pollution as well. They emit matter particulates and Nirogen Oxides in a great amount. The Dearman company is devekoping an alternative method which is based on the use of liquid air and it produces zero emissions on the road.
9. Photo-catalytic materials: Photo-catalytic materials are those which remove the pollutants from the air in the presence of sunlight and many companies are developing photo-catalytic methods for reducing the air pollutants. These can be applied on the roofing tiles, roofing felt and even on surface of roads. The Environmental Industries Commission have reported that photo-catalytic treatment to roads is the cheapest method for the reduction of air pollution and it has the potential to reduce the amount of Nitrogen Oxides and matter particulates in the air.
10. Air purification: For cleaning the air in urban environments, developers are looking for many ways. A Dutch design company, Studio Roosegarde have developed an air purifying tower, the Smog Free Tower which sucks in pollution and release clean air. The sucked in pollution is turned into pieces of jewellery such as rings and for making one ring 1000 cubic meters of air is cleaned. In Rotterdam, the first tower has been installed and “ a single tower could clean 3. 5 million cubic meters of air per day”, claimed by the designers. They also claimed to install these smog free towers in other global cities.
11. Plant more Trees: The discovery has been done by NASA that plants like Gerbera Daisy, Peace Lily and English Ivy remove Carbon monoxide from the air. The discovery confirms that these indoor plants absorb toxins and harmful and dangerous compounds from the air through the small pores of their leaves and digest the pollution by their stem and roots and out through the soil. According to NASA, bamboo palm, Chinese evergreen and Dracaena trees are also vey helpful in reducing pollution and combating respiratory diseases.
12. Wet Scrubbers: Wet scrubbers are air pollution control devices, very effective for removing particles and gases from exhaust streams of industries. This is operated by introducing the dirty gas stream with a scrubbing liquid specifically water.