Political Corruption In India
The word corruption is derived from the Latin word ‘corrupts,’ which means ‘corrupted’ and in legal terms, the abuse of a trusted position in one of the branches of power (executive, legislative and judicial) or in political or other organizations with the intention of obtaining material benefit which is not legally justified for itself or for others.
In general, corruption is a form of dishonesty or criminal activity undertaken by a person or organization entrusted with a position of authority. Corruption May include many activities including bribery and damage, though it may also involve practices that are legal in many countries. Political corruption occurs when an officer-holder or other governmental employee acts in an official capacity for personal profit.
Literature Review
Communication Tools to Fight Bureaucratic Corruption in India’-Ahmed Bali : Corruption is viewed as a global issues and connected more to developing countries. Developing countries have started realizing the benefits of using technology to reduce bureaucratic corruption.
‘Corruption in India–causes and solutions’-Prof. Abhay Saxena;researchgate(2007) : Prof. Saxena discussed many things of corruption. His book’s second chapter’s he describe how corruption affect in our society, Corruption’s causes and solutions and many more.
‘The Long War against Corruption’-Ben w. and Fritz Heimann (2006) : The article discusses corruption in developing countries. After describing corruption’s effects on economy, authors discuss the demand and supply sides of corruption and suggest different strategies to want corruption including consideration of the cultural dimension of the problems. In conclusion the authors underline that corruption plant development and economic growth and undermines assistance programmers.
‘Combating Corruption in Revenue administration : an overview’-Edgardo Campos and Sanjav Pradhan (2007) : In this article, the author argues that there is a level between countries with high levels of corruption and large economies. Author suggest that corruption drives enterprises out of the formal sector in order to be more competitive compared to those that already use unfair business practices. Thus the development of the formal economy is undetermined.
‘India : Democracy and Corruption’-Eswaran Sridharan; CDE (2014) : This paper author describes the relationship between democracy and corruption in India and puts some suggestions for possible solutions.
Definition of Corruption:
- Abuse of public office for private gain (World Bank)
- Misuse of entrusted power for private gain (Transparency International)
- Abuse of power for private gain (European Union)
- Political Corruption
- Administrative Corruption and
- Professional Corruption
- Political Corruption: Political corruption includes kidnapping, murder, violence, injustice and etc. To win an election, political leaders are using wine, women, wealth, charisma everything among the people.
- Administrative Corruption: Administrative Corruption includes persons like higher authorities, officers, police officers, clerks, peons and etc. For example, if we give money then we can get anything. Give money no need to visit the office, you will get driving licenses. In hospital, court and others government offices everywhere have to give money for any kind of job.
- Professional Corruption: Professional Corruption includes duplicating medicine, import items, Kerosene and Petrol and etc.
- Economic effect: Corruption result in loss of economic development.
- Social effect: Corruption discourages people to work together for the common good.
- Political effect: Corruption free democracy and rule of law.
- Poor Health and hygiene: In countries with more corruption one can notice more health problems among people. There will be no fresh drinking water, proper roads, quality food grains supply, milk adulteration, etc.
- A decrease in foreign investment.
- Delay in growth.
- Lack of Development.
- Stringent laws-punishable offences.
- Civil service salaries are some growing.
- Merit based recruitment.
- Freedom of media.
- Independent judiciary.
- Alert public.
There are three types of corruption.
It is well established that politicians are extremely corrupt the world over. In fact, people are surprised to find honest politicians. These corrupted politicians are free and un-punished. Many leaders like Lal Bahadur Shastri, Sarder Vallabh Bhai Patel, M. N. Roy had very little bank, balance, property at the time of death. I think India is a corrupt State because India’s main driver is Prime Minister and many Prime minister, many times proved he has corrupted. P. M Rajiv Gandhi involved Bofors Cannon scam payoff scandal of 1986 involved a total amount of Rs 1750 crore in purchase of guns from a Swedish firm for the army, now India’s last Prime Minister Manmohon Singh involved Common wealth Game scam. Before start 2010 Common Wealth Games corruption is playing major role with this game. Now India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi I think involves Rafael scam. Rafael is a modern French’s fighter jet and many source proved that Modi is involved in this scam but I don’t sure Modi is involved yeah not because this case mean Rafael dealing case is running on Supreme Court.
Without central hand many state’s Chief Ministers and other ministers are also involved in many scam. The Cement scandal of 1982 involved the Chief Minister of Maharashtra, the Sugar Scandal of 1994 involved a Union Minister of State for food, the Urea Scam and of course no one can forget Hawala Scandal of 1991, the Coffin-gate, fodder scam in Bihar or the Stump scandal which shocked not only the political arena but the entire society. In recent time West Bengal’s many M. P , M. L. A and high level politicians involved in Sarada Cheat fund Scam and now this case is continued running.
When I work my paper I found in India’s many scams but I can discussed particularly one scams and this scam name is ‘Commonwealth Games Scam 2010. ’ In 2010 New Delhi witnessed the Commonwealth Games scam, involving around Rs70000 crore, whose main accused being Suresh Kalmandi, the chairman of the organizing Committee of the Commonwealth games. Reports based on investigation states that Suresh Kalmandi gave nearly Rs 141 cores contract to Swiss Timing for its timing equipment and the deal was exclusively or unreasonably high by Rs 95 cores. There is a big list of people including Politicians, Bureaucrats, Businessman and others who were involved in the Commonwealth scam. Main accused Suresh Kalmandi, he was the Chairman of the organizing Committee of the Delhi Commonwealth games. According to the reports submitted by the Shunglu committee and from the office of Comptroller and Auditor general, the then Chief Minister of Delhi, Shila Dikshit was also charged with a number of evidence of fraud related to the Commonwealth Games process. The other main political head who was involved in the scam was Robert Vadra, the son-in-law of Congress President, Ms. Sonia Gandhi. The Enforcement Directorate also filled charge sheet against Suresh Kalmandi based on the British Authorities who reported to the Indian High Commission. Various reports submitted by the different committees investigating the Commonwealth scam. The Central Vigilance Commission claims that rules were not followed in the process of appointments and many commission claims this scam and the case is currently under investigation.
Effect of corruption:
Effects of corruption on economy:
Solutions of corruption:
India is a developing country in the world where our system is week. There is always a chance of Corruption. Who is responsible for this? What actions should be taken? We are all known ‘nothing is impossible. ’ There are some difficulties but we can stop/destroy all these bad things in our country. A little progress everyday brings a big result. So, be good and do well.
