Tobacco Use a Sign of Royalty or a Path to Destruction
Tobacco is a product which contains nicotine. Nicotine is a stimulant alkaloid. Dried leaves of tobacco are used for smoking and it can be consumed in many ways such as, it can be smoked in form of cigarettes, Pipes, cigars, sheesha. Other forms of consumption are by chewing it, snuff.
Tobacco uses all starts in a 14th century when some American Indians began using tobacco for religious and medicinal practices, they believed that tobacco can relieve the pain of toothache by chewing it and they also used it to dress wounds and as well as a pain killer. On 14th October 1492, when Christopher Columbus was offered dried tobacco leaves as a gift from the American Indians that he encountered to Europe and plant was begun to grown all over in Europe. In Europe; it becomes popular because of its healing properties and then during 1600s tobacco frequently used as money but also it was the same time when some of the dangerous effects of smoking tobacco being realized by some peoples and noted that it's hard to quit this habit. Over the years more and more scientists begin to understand the chemicals of tobacco and they found a pure form of nicotine which is a dangerous poison. In 1847, the famous Phillip Morris is established and selling hand-rolled Turkish cigarettes and it became popular around this time soldiers . The uses of cigarettes exploded during world war 1 it's called 'soldier's smoke'. During 1924, Phillip Morris begins the market of Marlboro as a woman's cigarettes with advertising that tobacco reduces the extra fat. During the 80s and 90s, tobacco starts marketing heavily outside of U.S., especially developing countries in Asia.
Tobacco uses become too much famous in the early 20th century; it becomes a habit of rich peoples and Hollywood glamour world. Tobacco becomes a sign of luxury. Peoples become smokers for showing to others that they have also that life and they have no idea when they get addicted to it. In recent years, Tobacco use is a worldwide epidemic among peoples. It leads to serious health problems but somewhere it also shows the royalty of a person. One out of four schools higher grade students are current smokers, and most of the young smokers become addicted to it.
The significance of our research is that peoples with low socioeconomic status have high tobacco consumption than high socioeconomic status. Tobacco products are accustomed and addicting. Increasing popularity of tobacco uses during the first half of the century resulted in a dramatic rise in lung cancer deaths Socioeconomic status can be described as the position of a person in the structure of society due to social economic factors or Socioeconomic status express the arrangement of resources material capital such as money, human skills, power, and social capital beneficial or social connections. We need to aware the people about the harmful effects of it and we mainly point out those peoples who have different views about tobacco consumption.
The main objective of our research is to find out how socioeconomic status can affect tobacco consumptions. We will also point out on the basis of socioeconomic status; tobacco is the path of destruction or a sign of royalty and tries to suggest about prevention of their harmful effects.
Tobacco use is legal almost everywhere in the world and it is responsible for about 30% of all cancer death in developed countries. Here some stylized facts about smoking and its social patterning, and an overview of the theories of smoking are presented. Our findings result first highlight on the high magnitude of inequalities in tobacco uses according to socioeconomic status. The analysis reveals the existence of marked socioeconomic inequalities amongst the youngest cohorts, when adult lifestyles start to be defined, with consequences on health and its social patterns. Results show that parents' smoking behaviour is strongly associated with adolescents' smoking, and those unhealthy lifestyles, such as smoking, nicotine dependence, binge drinking, and cannabis use, are related to adolescents' poor expectations about the future. Around 53% of the respondents are women, with a mean age of 52 years old, while men have an average age of 51 years old. The percentage of individuals with no education was high in all National Health Interview Surveys. The percentage of men that ever smoked was almost the same across the surveys. The percentage of women that ever smoked more than doubled from 1987 (6.3%) to 2006 (13.8%). Among men, the percentage of current smokers within respondents decreased while the percentage of former smokers within ever smokers increased from 1987 to 2006. The percentage of women smoking increased from 4.4 to 9.1% between 1987 and 2006. Over this 1987-2006 period, the percentage of women who stopped smoking within ever smokers increased too (30.2% to 34.0%).
Among men, no significant differences between educational categories in prevalence were observed in the first three surveys. However significant differences were observed between 1987 and 2005/06 Nationalhealth interview surveys, wherein 1987NationalHealthInterviewSurveys inequalities favoured the less educated and in 2005/06 NationalHealthInterviewSurveys the inequalities favoured the more educated. In 1987 and 1998/99 surveys, the inequalities in smoking according to income were not significant. Income in 2005/06 indicated that smoking is more concentrated among the poorest, contrary to the previous surveysWomen with lower education were less likely to smoke across all surveys. Also, women with lower income were less likely to smoke in all surveys. Income inequalities decreased slightly across surveys but remained concentrated among the highest-income women.
Quitting Smoking was at all periods less likely among men without education than among those with tertiary and secondary education same as education factor, men with lower income were also less likely to stop smoking in all surveys. Among women, there were only significant inequalities in cessation by education level in the last survey. Regarding ever smoking among men, education was not significant in the 2006 survey. In the last surveys, smoking was concentrated in the highest levels of education. This reversal was not observed for income in every survey its shows that smokers are presents in both low or high-income holder.Ever smoking was also more concentrated in women with higher education and more income in all surveys. As shown below in graph.
Low socioeconomic status smokers suffer greater health burdens than the general population, due to higher smoking prevalence and less access to health coverage. Low socioeconomic status smokers are more likely to be exposed to secondhand smoke. Low-income family's children are 91 per cent more likely to be exposed to secondhand smoke and double as likely to live with a smoker than higher-income family’s children are. construction workers, blue-collar workers and service workers are some groups.
Who continue to experience particularly high levels of second-hand smoke exposure. The financial and health-related costs of cigarettes are disproportionate for low socioeconomic status smokers. A pack-a-day smoker spends roughly $2,700 on cigarettes in a year. This is a much higher proportion of annual income for low socioeconomic status families and therefore harms both the smoker and the family. Fewer financial resources and variability health coverage lead to a greater burden of medical costs.
Variations in smoking changed mostly between 1960 to 1969 cohort compared to the previous generations. Education-related inequalities in the last survey in 1960 to 1969 generation favoured high educated men. 1940 to 1959 generations experienced disproportion favouring lower educated men, except during the 2006 survey, when no significant variations were observed. However, in the youngest generation, the inequalities were less noticeable than in the previous ones. For youngest men generations there was no significant variability in ever smoking. In all other generations’ variation favoured the higher-educated men. Women with higher education had a higher percentage of ever smokers. Again, the dimension of variations was smaller for the youngest cohort. Every two out of five high school students have more than 14 students are tobacco users just for showing there luxury life or royalty. In every high school parties now days have different ways of taking tobacco products. The only tobacco products to buck this trend have been e-cigarettes and hookahs, these product uses the chemical in tobacco leaves which makes tobacco so stimulating to the brain which causes addiction of tobacco, here graph has shown an increment of using tobacco product in every year.
Here shown in the graph that every year there is an increment of using e-cigarettes and hookahs. In the young people, it is much popular because it is now easily available and according to a youngster it feels luxurious. These products come in an array of candy, fruit, dessert and cocktail flavours, such as sour apple, cherry, grape, chocolate, cotton candy and cinnamon roll. Flavoured tobacco products also typically sold individually and cheaply, making them even more appealing to youth and young adults. Approximately 3.26 million middle and high school students in the U.S. used flavoured tobacco products. Among students who reported they were currently using a tobacco product, 73 per cent of high school students and 57 per cent of middle school students reported using flavoured products. Nearly 81 per cent of youth ages 12 to 17 who had ever used a tobacco product reported that the first product they used was flavoured. Four out of five youth who were current tobacco product users reported they used a flavoured tobacco product. Research on national use patterns, perceptions, marketing and existing policies makes clear that the United States needs a ban on flavoured tobacco products to protect public health.
The relationship between socioeconomic status and tobacco consumption has not been extensively studied, and what evidence exists has come almost entirely from developed countries. A survey was conducted to know what effectsSocioeconomicstatushas on tobacco consumption. If it is a path to destruction or a sign to royalty. In the survey, people from both low and high Socioeconomic status were taken into consideration. Facts were based on the education, sex, age and job. Also, the stress level of both the classes were taken into consideration. It was established that smokers modify their smoking behaviour to self titrate, intaking nicotine as per their need. The flexibility of smoking behaviour has resulted in more consumption of tobacco. Tobacco consumption is higher in disadvantaged people. As the result consumption of tobacco is higher in people with low socioeconomic status. Socioeconomic status had significant direct and indirect effects on smoking.
Also, low Socioeconomic status face more work problems which makes them stressful, which results in smoking. People with Low Socioeconomic status find it hard to quit smoking due to their stressful life also they have a low education, even educated low Socioeconomic status people can't stop smoking due to mental pressure. Also, people with low socioeconomic status are so busy working they don’t find time for the children which leads in adolescent smoking. People living in poverty smoke for a time period of nearly twice as many years as people with a family income of three times the poverty rate. People with a high school education smoke more than twice as many years as people with at least a bachelor’s degree. Blue-collar workers are more likely to start smoking cigarettes at a younger age and to smoke more heavily than white-collar workers. Low Socioeconomic status populations are more likely to suffer the harmful health consequences of exposure to second-hand smoke. Both low socioeconomic status and tobacco smoking increase health problems and mortality. The influence of this is less clear.
Now people with high socioeconomic status are properly educated and have a good sense of knowledge. The people with high socioeconomic status don’t have much problem in quitting smoking. People with high Socioeconomic status smoke to maintain an image in society so it is easy for them to quit smoking. Also, people with high Socioeconomic status are not that stressful and under pressure for their jobs. Also, the survey shows that consumption increases as theSocioeconomicstatusdecreases.
Later We retrieved 13,583 articles and included 93 for meta-analysis. Median smoking prevalence was 17.8%. Lower income was consistently associated with higher smoking. This association was statistically significant in the subgroup analysis by WHO regions for the Americas Europe. Likewise, it was noted in low-mortality countries and for both genders. Prevalence was highest in the lowest income levels compared to the middle followed by the middle level compared to the highest.
Socioeconomic status is one of the greatest predictors of smoking. Americans are 40 per cent more likely to smoke if they live below the poverty line. Nationally, 45.2 per cent of adults with a GED smoke, compared to 6.3 per cent of adults with a graduate degree.
As the title of the research is, tobacco- a path to destruction or a sign of royalty. Firstly why is it is a sign of royalty? The people with high socioeconomic status are more educated and have a good sense of humour. They mostly have white collar jobs or have a less stress full job which makes them smoke less. Also, they mostly smoke to maintain a status in the society. And they can quit smoking easily. Hence tobacco is a sign of royalty for them.
But for this essay. The conclusion is that tobacco is mostly a path to destruction for people of low socioeconomic status. The prevalence rate of smoking increases as the socioeconomic status decreases.
The study which was conducted in US shows that the people with income below 35,000$ per year smoke more than people with income of more than 75,000$ per year. Also, education is one of the major factors. Low socioeconomic status is not that educated which cause them to smoke more due to lack of knowledge related health. People with low socioeconomic status living in a very stressful life. They are under pressure in their jobs. Causing them to smoke to get rid of the stress. Also, people with low socioeconomic status has a lot of going on with their jobs that they don't pay proper attention to their children causing the children to go on the path of destruction that is smoking and drugs. Even if people of low socioeconomic status are education, they can't quit smoking due to their peer group and their stressful jobs. Also, people of low socioeconomic status have a lack of health education and they are aware of tumour/cancers smoking can cause. Research has shown that people with low socioeconomic status are hard to quit smoking because of the disadvantages they have and also due to material capital, human capital, and social capital. Thus the conclusion of the research is that tobacco leads to destruction more than being a royalty. Hence tobacco is a path to destruction.
