Types Of Remote Sensing
Introduction
The information about an object is obtained through collecting data and analyzing the data by device which detect energy that is reflected by that object and there is no physical contact between the device and the object, this is known as remote sensing. The reflected energy from the object which is under study is detected and measured by sensors which are present on platforms (satellites or on aircraft).
There are two types of remote sensing i.e. passive sensors which measure reflected energy from the object and the source of this energy is natural such as sun energy and other is active sensors which have their own source of energy for illumination of the object such as laser scanner. Electromagnetic energy or radiations (EMR) is detected and measured by remote sensors. There are many stages of remote sensing which is classified into main two parts i.e. data acquisition and data processing.
Important applications of remote sensing
Drought monitoring and management based on vegetation condition.
Flood risk zone monitoring and flood damage management.
Underground water resources location for drilling well.
Irrigation command area status monitoring.
Snow-melt run-off estimates for planning water use in downstream projects.
Land use and land cover monitoring.
Urban planning.
Forest survey.
Wetland mapping.
Environmental impact analysis.
Mineral Prospecting and fossil fuel deposits prospecting.
Mining Environment
Distinctive benefits, thanks to its multispectral mode, synoptic read and repetitive coverage are due to applications of remote sensing in mining. The advancement of high resolution multispectral satellite information, imaging spectroscopic analysis is a wonderful tool to check the environmental impacts because of mining activities. to watch the land use changes because of opencast mining, impact of underground mining and subsidence, evolution of marketing of mine wastes, deforestation and erosion because of mining activities Remote sensing techniques have with success applied.
Urban Environment Management
Urbanization is Associate in Nursing index of transformation from ancient rural economies to trendy industrial one. it's a progressive concentration of population in urban unit. throughout the last fifty years the worldwide population is exaggerated dramatically, as a result most urban settlements square measure characterized by shortfalls available housing and water, urban encroachments in fringe space, inadequate sewerage, hold up, pollution, impoverishment and social unrest creating urban governance a tough task to take care of healthy urban surroundings. High rate of urban increment may be a reason behind concern among India’s urban and city planners for economical urban designing.
Therefore, there's Associate in Nursing imperative have to be compelled to adopt trendy technology of remote sensing which incorporates each aerial furthermore as satellite primarily based systems, permitting USA to gather heap of physical knowledge rather simply, with speed. Remote sensing will offer a vital supply of knowledge for urban land use/land cowl mapping and environmental observation.
Coastal and Marine Environment
Coastal zones in Republic of India square measure perpetually undergoing wide-ranging changes in form and atmosphere thanks to natural further as human development activities. Natural processes similar to waves, erosion, changes in stream courses etc., cause very long time result at slower rate; however manmade activities, similar to settlement, industrial activities, recreational activities, waste disposal etc., have an effect on the coastal atmosphere at relatively a lot of quicker rate. continuing loss of those wetlands might cause the collapse of coastal ecosystems. It is, therefore, necessary to watch coastal zone changes with time.
Remote sensing technology in recent years has tried to be of nice importance in effort knowledge for effective resources management and therefore may even be applied to coastal atmosphere observation and management. The high temporal resolution provided by the satellite knowledge is found to be a serious improvement in finding out the behavior of suspended sediments within the coastal waters, which might facilitate in understanding the movement of sediments and pollutants. Satellite primarily based remote sensing techniques have tried prospering in providing a comprehensive, reliable and up-to date data onto land use/land cowl within the offshore areas of East Coast of Andhra Pradesh within the most value effective manner. Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) and Reach Sensitivity Index (RSI) known through trendy ways like Digital Image process.
Wasteland Environment
Wetlands comprises three - 6 June 1944 of the earth’s land surface, whereas they create out there provides and services such as: water quality maintenance, agricultural production, fisheries, and recreation floodwater, retention, provision of life environment, and management of erosion. Wetlands square measure shift lands between Terrestrial and aquatic system that offer several product and services together with flood water retention, water quality maintenance, life environment, and erosion management. Satellite remote sensing has several blessings for inventory and observation of wetlands and conjointly offer info on close land use and their changes over time.
Landsat MSS, TM, and SPOT square measure common knowledge kind for ground classification and its spatial-temporal dynamic amendment. For ground studies like observation and inventory use and apply satellite remote perceived knowledge will appropriate in developing countries, wherever the budget is restricted and therefore the knowledge regarding the ground like ground space, land use, and ground losses square measure restricted. Remote sensing has served as associate economical technique of gathering knowledge regarding glaciers since its emergence.
Conclusion
For every institution sector there's conjointly associate equally necessary to extend the bottom line data wants for environmental appraisal before enterprise any major programs which could endanger the standard of life. This basically incorporate united effort by all the economic, mining and concrete sectors to evolve ecologically sustained growth in terms of energy, power, irrigation and every one alternative basic resources. The remote sensing provides hands on tools to observe, estimate, measure manage and dominant factors the environmental endangers to save lots of the life and society.
