Working With Communities To Prevent Dengue Fever
Introduction
Dengue fever is a type of viral infection. It is transmitted by specific type of mosquitoes. Ordinarily happens in tropical and subtropical zones of the world like Africa, Asia, South America. In northern part of Queensland Australia there also have been reported outbreak of dengue. The fever isn't typically present in Australia except if somebody acquires it to the nation. In 2009 there were maximum number of cases approximately 1000 and fall has been seen in 2016 to nearly 400 cases (Department of health). Most of the times recovery occurs within a week, sometimes it becomes serious and fatal, Rashes, Headache, Pain behind ears, Vomiting, Joints and muscle pain, Fever, Mild bleeding from nose and gums. Normally after the mosquito bite symptoms usually appears within 3 to 10 days and exists for 2 to 7 days. There is no particular immunization or medication to treat this fever. People should have proper rest and drink lots of liquids, Be away from mosquitoes, Use mosquito nets and air conditioner. Always check your surroundings and Drain still water around your house. Dengue can be confirmed by doing blood test.
The three strategies by using laverack ladder to prevent dengue fever are, Participation is something where group people participate to solve or to do something for their community. the level of involvement in a community and this connections to the measure of intensity sharing in group of people. This type of participation helps a community to keep good environment and to improve health status. For a good community participation so that it can last longer proper thinking, evaluation and planning is very important. Community participation has the tendency to be successful in nations having steady and solid political frameworks. Community based projects including authorities which are near to take an interest in dispensing with rearing spots of dengue mosquitoes are the main practical and manageable method for ensuring control in any dengue-influenced nation and nations inadequate in resources. Community participate to control it by keeping their environment clean, expelling the standing water, collecting waste and attending community meetings. Community can organize camps in their areas to increase the awareness of the dengue fever by explaining its cause, symptoms and prevention, as well as presenting the morbidity and mortality rates, economic losses due to dengue.
The program should be efficient, good interaction, enthusiasm, trust, good coordination of resources and motivation. Moreover, intersectoral community-based programs are also very beneficial. Community can make annual reports of incidences of dengue fever occurring in their area. This virus can also be controlled by guiding farmers to use chemical sprays in their fields, so that mosquitos can’t grow and spread. Actions, to achieve health goals, community actions are very important to resolve health concerns. Community actions can be successful when all people come together to solve concerns Influence every family to use routine health measures, in order to prevent dengue. Significant action to be taken in a community, for example, introducing water frameworks with direct associations with residences and supplanting wells. A community should organize cleanup campaign 2 to 3 times a year to clean the community.
Some key elements for the accomplishment of such campaigns incorporate broad publicity by means of mass media, posters. Community sanitation administrations ought to be promoted. One ecological administration procedure is to wipe out pointless compartment living spaces that gather water, (for example, plastic jugs, bottles, jars, tires, and pails) in which mosquitos can lay their eggs. This system is called source reduction. At the point when compartment environments are evacuated and water container are secured with a fine work to keep mosquitoes from getting inside them, mosquitoes have less chances to lay eggs and can't create through their sea-going life stages. This system is called source reduction. Door to door checking of their housing and their behaviors. Chemical control will also be effective action. Insecticides can be sprayed in a community to kill mosquitos. Highlight school-based projects focusing on kids and parents to dispose of vector reproducing at home and at school. Organizations can play an essential job in advancing good health and implementing ecological administration for dengue vector control. This will regularly include wellbeing instruction, source reduction, improvement in housing to control vector. There must be a collaboration between health sectors and NGO’s. Organization may be informal groups or formal private, volunteer organization, benefit clubs, chapels or on the other hand different religious gatherings, or natural and social activity gatherings. Organizations can also gather disposed of compartments (tires, bottles, tins, and so on), clean depletes and ducts, expel surrendered autos and roadside garbage and disperse sand or concrete to fill tree holes. They may likewise play essential role in the improvement of reusing materials to expel disposed of holders from yards and lanes as well. Such exercises must be composed with the ecological sanitation benefit. Inspections can be made at houses. Rotary international which is a service have supported to control the dengue.
Capacity building is characterized as the "procedure of creating and reinforcing the skills, impulses, capacities, procedures and assets that associations and networks need to survive, adjust, and flourish in the quick evolving world. " Few of the domains are discussed ahead.
Resource mobilization can be characterized as the way toward looking for changed kinds of help for an association. It incorporates both direct money related help and in-kind commitments. One of the immense recorded issues of vector control methodologies has been the absence of resources. Right now, just a couple of projects have the vital resources to complete vector observation, control exercises; all things being equal, for no situation are they adequate to address the unpredictability of the determinants of transmission. A vital partnership is a settlement or alliance built up by organization, associations, or other substances to cooperate with the goal that each can accomplish its own targets. Working in collaborative manner enhance empowerment. It is an exceptionally normal model of collaboration in business settings. As control of the fever is on a very basic level subject to control of the vector, it is fundamental that key associations be produced to upgrade and extend intervention on mosquito reproducing destinations, which are currently simply residential. Schools, work environments, services, churches, and the population all in all must be partners in the struggle against the dengue vector. To accomplish more prominent effect on physical or substance control of the mosquito, more specific measures are required, for example, the utilization of pesticides, an extremely complex intercession that requires legitimate administration and control by the wellbeing area. A reaction to the issue must be worldwide, not sectoral. Keeping that in mind, vital organizations adapted to vector preventive action and control are basic.
Participation of Intersectoral and intra-sectoral efforts among association is crucial to the effective usage of the worldwide technique. Participation for dengue control additionally use the qualities of partners and to synergize their endeavors, consequently improving the adequacy and productivity of activities for dengue control. Sanitation and cleaning exercises demonstrated very good response. These affects empower the population and in the long run reinforce the effect of community intercessions to take out mosquito reproducing regions. Leadership will be the principle job in community engagement and whole program. as a matter of first importance they will take leaders of the program will find a way to draw engagement, for need evaluation the leader will be chosen from community who will deal with every activity going to done in community. Communication mode is also having great empowering nature. By gathering people in a community and explaining them about the fever will help to control the fever. Communication can be done by asking about their behaviors which they use in daily life. Teaching each other is very helpful. Good communication can change a lot in lifestyle and can give clean environment. There are various other modes as well for the communication from which people can become aware of it like internet, leaflets, magazines, posters, newspapers, these modes are very easily available to all community.
Health promotion constitute an exhaustive social and political process; it not just grasps activities coordinated, reinforcing the skills and abilities of people, yet in addition activity coordinated towards evolving social, ecological and financial conditions to reduce their effect on open and individual wellbeing. Health promotion is the way toward empowering individuals to build authority over the determinants of wellbeing and accordingly enhance their wellbeing. The main approach to motivate and educate the community is Education approach. Educated community plays a crucial role to the effective usage of any mosquito control program. Education approach shows the viability in setting up great learning of dengue acknowledgment, control strategies, in spite of the fact that not really in changing behavior. Education approach procedures ought to instruct the general population to break the mosquito life cycle by diminishing the conceivable mosquito breading destinations, for example, pools, water tanks, aquaria, water system trench and wastes and in addition forced air systems and dispensable tires. By giving lectures and showing videos of symptoms and prevention, of fever can be helpful to educate them. School children can be educated by means of campaigns. Advantage of education approach is that people can get awareness and knowledge about the disease. Disadvantages are that this approach expect that a rise in learning changes mentalities which results in a behavior change. Behavior change might be limited by social and financial variables. Health belief model is a social awareness display which highlights around understanding a person's view of reality as opposed to how they react to their circumstance (Abraham et al. , 2008). Hence it considers why individuals settle on the choice to change and what maintains this choice; it depends on observations rather than responses to event. As indicated by the HBM, saw risk envelops 2 principle HBM builds, perceived susceptibility and seriousness. From these discoveries, we may derive that a man who feels vulnerable to dengue and trusts that contracting dengue may prompt extreme wellbeing outcomes will subsequently be dynamic in looking for more data about dengue with a specific end goal to keep this infection. What's more, this sentiment of "self-viability, " i. e. , the acknowledgment that "on having precautions this fever can be anticipated. The six major beliefs are:
It is very important for community to make them realize about the effects of fever. We should show people about the susceptibility of the disease like from where the mosquitos arise (like water filled containers) from which they can have the dengue fever. After that telling the symptoms of the dengue and explaining how serious it is, one can even die and showing the mortality rate of dengue fever. Actions which can be taken (like cleaning, expelling water from surrounding) to prevent dengue which will reduce the susceptibility and seriousness of dengue vector. Motivate and educate people about that if we follow these prevention methods, then there are more advantages of progress exceed the cost. Advantages are speculate whether people have used preventable methods, helps to change behavior of people, It causes a person to investigate the expenses and benefits of any activity. Disadvantages are we don't know whether they use preventive methods or not, It takes a bio-therapeutic perspective of wellbeing, It doesn't recognize the more extensive determinants of heath.
Conclusion
Dengue fever has become one of the most common fever among the population because of mainly the lifestyle of people. It can be prevented among the community by changing their behaviors. Lack in environment clean leads to growth of mosquitos. All the ladder of laverack steps and capacity building domains are important to prevent dengue fever by clean up campaigns, education presentation.
