Analysis Of The Method In Uncovering The Behavior Described In Jacobs And Wright’S Excerpts About The Robbery
Criminal activities are being and have been experienced in every society around the world. This led to the development of the differential association theory by Sutherland. The differential association theory has a significant contribution to the field of criminology. The theory explains the socialization process that is responsible for the reason behind why individuals commit crimes within a society. The excerpts from Jacobs and Wright’s study try to explain the forces that often lead to one committing a crime within an organization. Based on Sutherland’s theory, while interacting with others within the society or any given environmental setting, individuals often acquire the morals, defiance, skills, and motivations for unlawful behaviour. Since Sutherland’s differential association theory focuses on ways in which individuals learn to be criminal, the essay will, therefore, focus to employ the method in uncovering the behavior described in Jacobs and Wright’s excerpts about the robbery.
Based on the excerpts, the need for money is the major force leading to people committing crimes within a society. For instance, Jacobs and Wright explain the notion of committing a crime often comes when one’s pocket is low. This is because the individuals often have the desire to acquire certain things in life but cannot get them due to the lack of money. However, the learning theory is closely related to the interactionist viewpoint. On the other hand, it is not considered an interactionist perspective since interactionism focuses on the construction boundaries in among individuals within the society. It is indeed considered to be a positivist approach. Individuals should therefore not be involved in criminal activities because their pockets are low. Alternatively, they should seek a proper way of getting cash.
Consequently, offenders of criminal activities explain from the excerpts that they not only rob because of the need for cash but also as a result of the opportunistic. These robberies are motivated by the serendipity among the individual rather than the need for cash to cater to the basic requirements as said earlier. For instance, as indicated from the excerpt, an individual may have cash in his or her pocket but is he sees that the other person has the money, he may end up robbing the person and taking the money. This happens because they see that as an opportunity and according to the serendipity if an opportunity comes, one has to take it. The opportunity also applies when individuals see a person shopping who takes out a lot of money, and they feel as if they are left with no option but to rob and take the money. Decision-making process of the offenders in real-life surroundings serve as a great involvement in criminal activities. Even though the decision to commit robbery is majorly perceived by the need for cash, Jacobs and Wright through the excerpts argue that the verdict is often triggered, arbitrated, and formed by taking part in the street philosophy. Street beliefs, and its essential behaviour standards signify a crucial overriding variable connecting criminal incentive to contextual risk influences and individual forefront conditions. For example, the offender’s need for money is often pressing and immediate that the legal work, as a suitable alternative to robbery is untenable. This is because the payment for the legal work done often takes time, which the lawbreakers cannot wait. Regardless of if they have the opportunity to land a high-paying job, the impatient nature won’t allow them to stop the robbery.
In summary, the differential association theory predicts that a person will choose to be an offender within society only if the sense of balance of the meanings for law-breaking surpasses those of peaceable. The behavior will always be supported given the common connection gives lively individuals the creature’s lifetime. Usually individuals are often influenced by others and may be of high status to get into the criminal activities. This, however, does not rule out the fact that other people get into criminal activities as a result of possible motives for crimes. To a greater extent, individuals often get involved in the criminal activities in search of cash for personal use.Unlike the differential association theory, the routine activity perspective is based on the generalized configurations of collective actions in a civilization. The main impression is that the arrangement of routine activities in the public impacts the types of circumstances that arise. An additional central awareness is that individuals operate in reaction to circumstances. Therefore, the types of conditions they bump into in their day-to-day exist impact their misconduct participation. By further talking about the routine activities perspective within this essay, more insight is provided in attempt to better understand the behavior of robbers as seen through Jacob and Wright’s excerpt.
The typical situational demands that a criminal action happens upon is the combination of an inspired offender, a suitable target, and a lack of control and supervision. For instance, as indicated in the excerpt, due to the relentless pursuit of the street action, an offender will always find it difficult to keep a job regardless of if the job is high-paying. This is because the street activities such as the drug use have a strong inclination to demoralise any obligation to conservative activities. Family behaviour is another factor that will always make an individual keep on conducting the criminal activities within society. This is because the offender grew up in a family with offenders and therefore lived with the notion that robbery id the best and fastest means of getting cash for use. Therefore, based on the routine activity perspectives, individuals will always be involved in the criminal activities grounded in the situations they got themselves into. One may find himself in a situation that requires quick cash and hence get to robbery. For instance, there is a need for food, shelter, and clothes. When such needs arise, whether an individual has a job or not according to Jacobs and Wright, he will get involved in the robbery to get the quick cash. Generally, the routine activity perspective is occasionally joined with rational choice theory, which says that law-violating behavior is the product of careful thought and planning. Once it is seemed to be sensible, the routine action method has customarily meant to better explain why an individual is mistreated, or insults, by clarification in what way his distinct lifestyles take him hooked on interaction with circumstances encouraging to law-breaking.
