Argumentative Discussion on Should Animals Be Used For Research

Abstract

“Should animals be used for research?” it is an argumentative essay that states: animal experimentation should not be included in the future of medicine or scientific research. Instead, we should experiment with different research approaches and make different lifestyle choices. 

Introduction

Animals are a group of major organisms classified as animals or the kingdom of Metasova. In general, they are capable of multi-celled, locomotives that respond to the environment and feed on other organisms. Animals are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that make up the animal kingdom. Animals are living things. Animals work for us. Animals are a great help to us in our daily activities. The actions of animals and the existence of animals are essential factors in the nature of the world and the existence of man. Testing is the evaluation process with the intention of finding out whether the system or its components are specified requirements or not. Animal testing is any scientific experiment or experiment that comes alive. The animal is forced to do pain, suffering, annoyance or whatever lasting damage. There are many animals get for tests in each year. Such as rabbits, guinea pigs, rats, mice, dogs, fishes, cows, cats etc. there are several types of animal tests currently performed. For example. Such as eye irritancy, acute toxicity, repeated dose toxicity, skin corrosivityirritation, pharmacokinetics, toxicokinetics and metabolism, dermal penetration, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, Reproductive and development toxicity, neurotoxicity, ecotoxicity, pyrogenicity.

Animal play a vital role in facilitating and sustaining human life. Therefore animals also has the power to sustain nature. Therefore misleading animal test results cause harm to humans. Accurate results of animal experiments can lead to clinical trials of biologically defective or harmful substances, exposing patients to unnecessary risks and lack of research resources. And also, some types of tests fail over time, causing people to suffer from allergies and even loss of life. Decreases in the number of species required for the survival of the world and the death and extinction of some endangered species and the depletion of some animal-assisted environmental activities. 

There are many animals used in a variety of ways for a variety of experiments. Among them, animal testing in the field of cosmetics is a primary place. What happens here is that before the ointment is made and sent to the public, it is applied to the animals and the condition is checked. How many animals die and how many animals have their life cycle disrupted? These animals are often used in cosmetics tests. Such as rabbits, guinea pigs, rats, mice. . And next example rats are forced to eat or inhale a cosmetics ingredient or have it rubbed into their shaved skin every For 28 or 90 days, then killed. In some experiments, pregnant mice were forcibly fed the raw material for about 21 days and then killed along with their unborn babies. The final example is that in rare cases, dogs are forced to eat or inhale an ingredient used in cosmetics. day for 28 or 90 days, and are then killed. Some cosmetics companies adversities that their products are “cruelty-free” or “not tested on animals” on their labels or advertising materials. And the other is the animal testing division is medicine and vaccine tests. This method has been used to test drugs for humans for more than half a century. Law and regulatory agencies around the world must test medicines on animals before conducting clinical trials in humans. And every year millions of animals around the world are used for these cruel tests. And also, some experiment errors cause the animals to suffer for the rest of their lives. And these animals are used for drug testing such as monkeys, dogs, rabbits, rats, and mice, etc. Therefore, we need to find out how many animals die from the condition and how much the life cycle of the animals is disrupted. Also, after some tests, allergens may be encountered, which may affect other animals, and some may directly or indirectly affect humans. It has also been reported that the majority of animal tests have been performed during the development of the covid-19 vaccine. How many animal lives are lost there? How many animal lives have not been disrupted? In general, the production of a vaccine would require thousands of tests. How many animal lives would be lost in such an experiment? No matter how many animals are left alive, no matter how much pain the animal will face later, the number of lives will be disrupted.

Millions of animals die and millions of animals lose their way of life when animals are used in various experiments. Also, some tests show that some animals lose limbs and other body parts, and many animals become disabled. Also, in some zoological experiments, as well as in zoology, how many animals die and become infected? And many animals have impaired reproductive function after these experiments. Later, they even lose their young and become endangered by some rare species. After these tests, some toxic chemicals are deposited in the bodies of the animals. They are released back into the wild, where they cause some harm to other animals as well. Also, when they are deposited in the environment have to be destroyed. They mix with the environment and enter the human body and cause human beings to suffer from certain diseases. And also, the frequent use of animals for such experiments destroys the nature of the environment because animals are an essential element for the survival of nature. Many animal activities contribute to the survival of the environment.

US Statists of Animal Testing in 2018

In 2018, the US government statistics put the number of laboratory animals used for research at 780,070 an increase of 5.7% over 2017. This includes both public and private institutions. These statistics do not apply to all animals because most rats, mice, and fish are not covered by the animal welfare act-they are still covered by other regulations that protect animal welfare. In 2018, we included 122,717 animals that were kept in research facilities but not involved in any research studies.

Statistics show that 49.4% of research is on guinea pigs, hamsters, and rabbits, 10% on dogs or cats, and 9% on non-human primates. In the united kingdom, rats, mice, fish, and birds are counted according to annual statistics, and more than 97% of research is on rats, birds, and fish. Across the European Union, where animal use is measured slightly differently, 93% of research is on species not counted under the animal welfare act (AWA). If similar rates were applied to the united states, the total number of vertebrates used for research in the united states would be between 11 and 23 million, however, there are no published statistics to confirm this. Considering the above assumption on the number of other species used dogs, cats and non-human primates together account for 1% or less of the animals used for research each year.

About 60% of the species covered under the animal welfare act were involved in experiments that did not cause any pain and therefore did not require anesthesia. 33% were involved in procedures that required some pain and or anesthesia, and 7% of animals experienced some pain but did not give anesthesia because it would interfere with experimental purposes.

Government statistics show that that the use of non-rodents has been declining over the past two decades. Animal consumption in the united states has more than halved since 1985. This includes the drop in the number of dogs from 200,000 in 1979 to 60,000 in 2018. This decline reflects a move towards the use of some genetically modified mice.

Facts of Animal Testing

1. Over 100 million animals are burned, crippled, poisoned, and abused in US labs every year.
2. 92% of experimental drugs that are safe and effective in animals fail in human clinical trials because they are too dangerous or don’t work.
3. Labs that use mice, rats, birds, reptiles, and amphibians are exempted from the minimal protections under the Animal Welfare Act (AWA).
4. Up to 90% of animals used in U.S. labs are not counted in the official statistics of animals tested. Take a stand by kidnapping your friends’ products that were tested on animals.
5. Europe, the world’s largest cosmetic market, Israel and India have already banned animal testing for cosmetics and the sale or import of newly animal-tested beauty products.
6. Even animals that are protected under the AWA can be abused and tortured. And the law doesn’t require the use of valid alternatives to animals, even if they are available.
7. According to the Humane Society, registration of a single pesticide requires more than 50 experiments and the use of as many as 12,000 animals.
8. In tests of potential carcinogens, subjects are given a substance every day for 2 years. Others tests involve killing pregnant animals and testing their fetuses.
9. The real-life applications for some of the tested substances are as trivial as an “improved” laundry detergent, new eye shadow, or copycat drugs to replace a profitable pharmaceutical whose patent expired.
10. Alternative tests achieve one or more of the “3 R’s:” replaces a procedure that uses animals with a procedure that doesn’t, reduces the number of animals used in a procedure, refines a procedure to alleviate or minimize potential animal pain.
11. Several cosmetic tests commonly performed on mice, rats, rabbits, and guinea pigs include skin and eye irritation tests where chemicals are rubbed on shaved skin or dripped into the eyes without any pain relief.

On average, a large number of animals are used for testing in a year. It is estimated that between 17 and 22 million animals are used annually in the united states for research, education, and testing. And nearly the same number die after animal testing. Every year, more than 100 million animals in the united states suffer from cruel chemicals, drugs, food, and cosmetic tests as well as intriguing medical experiments in medical training and universities. Apparently, the vast majority of animals 97% percent are killed at the end of the experiment. A small portion of the animals, 6286, were returned to nature or their habitat. Of those who returned to their natural habitat, of those who returned to their natural habitat, 893 were cattle, 750 were fish and 45 were bats. And only 3% percentage of animals survive lab experiments. Also, more than 115 million animals worldwide are used in laboratory experiments every year. More recent analyzes show that despite attempts to improve the predictability of animal tests, the failure rate has actually increased and is now close to 96% percentage. The number of animals used in toxicology research has decreased marginally in the decade since ECVAM was established, but it still hovers about one million per year(144). We do not own animals. Not are they willing to test the product on them? Animals feel pain people do that. Remember, they have feelings. So we don’t have the right to use harmful chemicals and to conduct countless tests on them. If in doubt about whether a product is safe or not, replace it rather than testing it on animals and endangering their lives, companies should use natural ingredients.

Animals are largely directly or indirectly important in nature. In predicting on plants and other animals, pollinating a variety of plants and emitting the carbon dioxide needed for green plants to survive will help animals maintain the earth’s natural environment. In addition, the foliage that feeds the animals helps the plants to fertilize and disperse through the plant habitats by seed dispersal tendencies. After the animals die, the animals serve as food for microorganisms and as additional minerals for plants. Animals, insects, and microorganisms play a special role in the process of photosynthesis. Animals also play an important role in humans. The animal has always been mean’s friend. Animals are used extensively for their daily activities, as well as for agricultural and agricultural purposes, as well as for transportation in the past and present generation, and also animals are used for meat. It also helps farmers a lot in animal husbandry. In cultivation, the worm, Gadwila, loosens the soil. It is a great convenience to the farmer. Animals also play a vital role in human life. Millions of animals are inspected every year and then discarded, posing a great danger to the already fragile environment. The facilities used by these animals are responsible for a large amount of environmental pollution. Not only does this cause environmental damage from animal decay, but it also has a severe impact on the environment as a by-product of the process of transporting and disposing of this waste. Generally, animal testing facilities not only dispose of potentially dangerous chemicals, food waste and various supplies used in the testing process. In addition, animal testing also greatly affects water and air quality. Many animals survive the animal testing process and are then discarded masse. The opposite results are exposure to environmentally toxic chemicals, diseases, and other hazards. In other words, the disposal process can lead to exposure to biological hazards, including radioactive material. And misleading animal test results cause harm to humans. Accurate results of animal experiments can lead to clinical trials of biologically defective or harmful substances, exposing patients to unnecessary risks and a lack of research resources. The majority of animal studies exaggerate or underestimate toxicity(145). Also, when these toxins from animals enter the environment, they can be absorbed by humans and cause various diseases.

Rules of Animal Testing

According to the federal animal welfare Act (AWA), animals used for testing must receive proper housing, treatment, veterinary services, food, and water. However, the majority of animals used for research are excluded from the protections provided by the AWA. The animal welfare act sets a high standard for laboratory animals in biomedicine research. Research institutes should establish institutional animal care and practice committees overseeing all dealings with animals. A committee has the power to reject stop any research proposal and any project that fails to meet the standards. To learn more about animal testing and research monitoring, visit the national website of the biomedical research association. The US Department of Agriculture is responsible for monitoring and inspecting laboratories for animal experiments. The agency has not paid under staff, therefore could not adequately perform this important function. USDA last the agency employs only 120 inspectors and is responsible for it ensuring compliance with more than 12000 facilities. There are a few more laboratory regulatory agencies intended to protect animals, but many have been criticized to interact with researchers. Animal testing in the united states is largely regulated by animal welfare Ant currently AWA only applies to mammals. Farm protection in 2002 the act exempts breeding birds, rats, and mice from the regulation. Only 70 investigators monitor about 1100 research institutes across the country. Only 4000 pre-license tests. Only one inspector per 1000 facilities. Public Health Service (PHS) criticized for lack of resources and completeness. There are reports of telling them to keep their eyes closed because such extra work records will be created. Several APHIS and USDA officials have even been criticized the system. Some private institutes also accredit animal research facilities. You must contact USDA and report your problems. You may also want to talk to a lawyer attorney to see if you have a basis for filing a lawsuit.

We aim to biologically predict alternative approaches using non-animal experimental structures of the effect of a substance on an organism. Used in a bacterial, isolated cell, cell cultures, and tissue-specific tests. Another approach predicts negative impacts using statistical approaches (mathematical and computer models) alternative approaches should be tested and approved until established government agencies are a long process that can take years. If we can come up with another solution, we can use murders and rapists for these tests. That is, they come to the prison when there is no more life. In such a situation, it is possible to use these innocent animals to exploit such criminals. It will also reduce such crimes. Because then fear arises in people. Also, the results from these are more accurate than the results from animals. In the age of technology, we have come up with new technologies to find ways to carry out these tests. And limiting the number of animals required by making rules for the size of animal tests.

Conclusion

Animal testing is a social concern of our society and culture and has ways we can do to eliminate this. One of the main ways this can be done is through remodeling finding and investing in alternative testing measures. There are options rent are available and used, but this should go up at a higher rate. The cost of delaying this is the unnecessary suffering of innocent animals. We too must move forward with the current trend of investing in preventive health care, such as living a healthy life. A style that helps to eliminate diseases and the need for drugs. We now know more than ever we are aware of the benefits and risks of certain foods, products, and behaviors and we are more space to use this for the good of all living things. This is an important point the problem is how we treat those who are not in power, namely animals reflect our identity and who we are as a culture and society. Our character if we continue to allow animals to suffer unnecessarily.