Automatous Fire Fighting Robot: A Project Report

Abstract

The robot can perform the task automatically and with some kind of guidance. Robotics is a general combination of computational intelligence and physical machine. The computational intelligence usually involves the programming instructions. From the few years, many people show their interest in the robotics. The field of robotics becomes popular due to the development of the technologies.

We decided to develop such kind of the thing that makes the human life simple and comfortable. To see the current environment, we decided to construct the fully automated firefighting robot which helps the people to deal with the fire accident in the small scale industries. We are not focused on designing a firefighting robot on the larger scale. Our work is to make and develop the autonomous robot that cans manual control and detect automatically fire and finish it. So to make such type of the robot we use the basic concepts. Design in such a way which is easily understood by the unknown person all the concepts behind it.

Introduction

Robot is defined as a mechanical design that is capable of performing human tasks or behaving in a human- like manner. Building a robot requires expertise and complex programming. It’s about building systems and putting together motors, flame sensors and wires, among other important components. A fire fighter robot is one that has a small fire extinguisher added to it. By attaching a small fire extinguisher to the robot, the automation put out the fire by human controlling. This paper covers the design and construction of a robot that is able to sense and extinguish fire. This robot implements the following concepts: environmental sensing, proportional motor control. This robot processes information from its various sensors and key hardware elements via microcontroller (Arduino). It uses thermistors or ultraviolet or visible sensors to detect the fire accident. A robot capable of extinguishing a simulated tunnel fire, industry fire and military applications are designed and built. Ultraviolet sensors/thermistors/flame sensors will be used for initial detection of the flame. Once the flame is detected, the robot sounds the alarm with the help of buzzer provided to it; the robot actuates an electronic valve releasing sprinkles of water on the flame. The project helps to generate interests as well as innovations in the fields of robotics while working towards a practical and obtainable solution to save lives and mitigate the risk of property damage.

Methodology

We use the three flame sensor to detect the flame which detects the flame on the basis of their colour in which one of them is mounted in front of the robot which have two servomotor which help the sensor move in left, right, upward and backward, and rest of two are fixed sensor at left and right, we use the two ultrasonic sensors to avoid the obstacle which help us to avoid any obstacle or any interference. Robot initially in steady or stop condition then we pair it to our device and make robot in forward, reverse, left and right with the help of 6 dc24v gear motor which produce enough torque to make the robot in movement condition. We use the buzzer and led in the robot when the flame sensor detect heat it send signal and buzzer and led will glow and alert the fire extinguisher. when we take the robot reach at specific area then it automatically detects the fire the three flame sensors are alert that there is any flame is available in the area and make the water nozzle in the direction where the fire is high at this time led is on which indicate that robot detects the fire. When the robot goes more close to the fire the buzzer is on and with the help of the nozzle motor spray of the water on the fire and at the same time with the help of the servoMG996r, we rotate the pipe of the robot in this way we extinguish the fire very effectively. The brain of the robot is the Arduino Mega.

Overview Of the Project

A literature review is a study from the previous projects that is related to this project. It shows how others solve their problem to achieve their objective of the project. Furthermore, it will give some brief idea of the technology used for another project. There are some papers which we are selected as a reference for this project. Some people come with many solutions while others use a simple way to solve the problem.

Electronic design and development

The electronic part is one of the important parts in building the Fire Fighting robot. It includes the several types of sensors, push button, power supply, DC motor driver, DC motor and the most important in the autonomous robot is the microcontroller. These entire components are connected together to become a system.

Design of project

The design of project can be explained in term of project system block diagram and flow diagram. Block diagram illustrate the different procedure involved in the project and how everything in the project is related.

Furthermore mechanical structure can be defined in tern of how everything is mechanically connected into the hardware and where the different components are connected. The flow diagram further illustrate the working of different sensors.

Programming

Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board (often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that runs on your computer, used to write and upload computer code to the physical board.

Future enhancement

The project is further extended in many ways one idea is that, develop a robot for more capacity of water and have a lot of speed to run.

In the project, we use the GSM (Global system for mobile communication). When the robot detects the fire it sends the message to the specific number. For the further improvement in the accuracy of the robot, GPS can be used to find the location of the robot. By using the hovercraft technology for accurate navigation and give a new method for the fire extinguishing. It has ability of automatic water splitting which can reduce human effort and save life of fire man. We take help by matlab using thermal imaging which has high accuracy to detect the flame.

Conclusion

Through this we can conclude that a robot can be used in place of humans reducing the risk of life of the fire fighters. We can use them in our homes, labs, offices etc. They provide us greater efficiency to detect the flame and it can be extinguish before it become uncontrollable and threat to life. Hence, this robot can play a crucial role.