Information Technology: Characteristics, Need and Challenges

Introduction

The terms 'information technology' and 'IT' are widely used in business and the field of computing. An Information system can be any organized combination of people, hardware, software, networks, data resources and policies. People rely on modern information system to communication one another using a variety of physical devices information processing instructions and procedures communication channels and stored data. The time between 1450-1840 is the mechanical age in this age many technologies were invented like an analog computer used for multiplying and dividing. In this generation we all are using IT in our daily life’s. In every sector we can see how much IT is helping us. Almost every company and organization uses IT in their organization. We can see the use of IT in every step in our life. As a result we can see this world is going very fast by the use of IT in our life’s. The age of electro-mechanical time started in between 1840—1940 It is the most starting of telecommunications. And finally the Electronic age is the current age we are living in. Even today we make regular use of information system that have nothing to do with a comuter. In a word we can say this Information technology is a rapidly growing part of today's society.

The characteristics of Information Technology

The information technology holds a very important role in today’s world. It has a huge impact in business sector as well. Our daily life is basically surrounded by these technologies. There are some main characteristics of information technology. These are mentioned below:-

• E-learning: A learning system based on formalized teaching but with the help of electronic resources is known as E-learning. In today’s life we can see how the IT is developing and working for us. E-learning is one of the important characteristics of IT. By using IT anyone can learn anything from Internet. the concept of E-learning which helps in the progress of a nation.
• IT Advancement : Artificial intelligence (AI) is an advancement that is being adopted by many IT professionals. AI means artificial intelligence which helps us with every sector in our lifes . AI is our virtual assistant . By the use of information technology nowdays you don’t have to appoint a human for help by the help of AI your virtual assistant will do your work.
• Time analysis: Information Technology has a huge impact regarding time. IT helps us to do our work as quick as possible. In every aspects of life IT is saving our time. The consumption level of time is decreasing day by day because of Information Technology.
• Simple use of IT: In this world full of innovations makes our life simple. Its very easy to use IT. In our daily life or any kind of organizations or company they are using IT and the developers are working very hard to make IT as simple as possible.

The need of Information Technology

The present world is literally based on information technology. In this world everyone is working so that they can change their life. Today we are dependent on IT. If we are not using it we are making a big mistake because we aren’t taking the opportunities of IT and also not understanding the benefits of Information Technology in our life. The need of information technology is immense. The sectors in which information technology is done a huge prosper are mentioned below:

• Business : In today’s world IT is must needed in every organizations and companys. They store their data and their all kind of information safe and assembled by the use of IT. If we see the statistics we know that by the use of IT how data is safe and easy to access now. So, it’s a must needed thing in every business.
• Education : These sector has been developed because of the contribution of information technology. New technologies and progress of IT has developed the education system as a result the students are learning a lot of new things which are helping the world to stay and making a better place to live. Every school and colleges are now teaching the proper use of IT. As a result we can see how the education sector is developing day by day.
• Health care : In this sector by using various devices for treatment. As we all know that the medical sector Is very developed. In backdays doctors faced many kind of difficulties to do proper treatment. But now its very easy for them to give the proper health care by using IT.
• Security : As a lot of transactions and purchase has been done on the daily basis it is important to keep the safety of these all. IT is very helpful for security . Because now we can safe our data and also our transactions very safely beacause of IT.
• Research : Back in old days scientist face many difficulties to do their research work because of the lack of advance IT. But now they are doing some very important research easily by using the IT. Its very easy for them to do work.

The challenges of Information Technology

There are many challenges that IT sector needs to face. The information technology is a global issue so it has to go through a lot issues but few general issues is given below:

• Energy Efficiency : Information Technology has an emerging of tool of market for energy monitoring and efficiency. A 25000 square data foot will use 4million$ in energy this year. At such moments even few percentage can create a huge difference. As an increasing trend of expanding green initiatives and alternate sources of energy then organizations are working on ways to improve energy monitoring and efficiency.
• Social Networks : Customers, suppliers and others are currently talking about every organization on some form of social media. This may include Twitter, Facebook, LinkedIn, and YouTube. At minimum, IT and marketing departments need to monitor and participate in those conversations.
• Virtualization : Virtualizations is a networking system which expands from the desktops to laptops then to server to switches, routers, firewalls T his will provide a higher control of all these device.IT sector is required for virtual and practical life as well.
• Shadow IT : IT continues to have a poor image inside organizations. Whether it be slow response times, dictatorial actions, or software challenges, many IT departments are facing users' preference of going to intra-department super users for help. Combine that with the easily available cloud software and services, organizations see users and groups bypassing the IT department altogether. They find and purchase third party SaaS (Software as a Service) packages to meet their needs.
• Interoperability: The demand of customers is more for the products like laptop, desktop, mobile device. This all comes with communicating system. Therefore the system needs to send data and receive data that will be compatible for all users.

Conclusion

Information Technology is the root of today’s world. This has both the advantages and disadvantages. But it is our responsibility to follow all the ethical rules of the information technology like not to misuse data or any resources, cybercrimes, hackings etc. These all non-ethical works need to be stop which harms the people and society.