The Role Of A Free Throw In A Basketball Match
Basketball is an exciting, highly competitive sport. To gain the competetitive edge required for success in basketball, one needs to fully understand and develos its fundamental skills (e. g. , shooting, passing, dribbling). Free throw is a vital skill in the game basketball. Sampaio and Janiera (2003) found while studying three different professional leagues, including the NBA that free throws made up 19-25% of the points in a game with team shooting 70-75% from the foul line.
Scoring from a free throw is an important skill in the competitive sport of basketball. In fact, the free throw accounts for 20% to 30% of the points scored during a game, and are therefore a very important skill to achieve high-level performance. Free throws can make up to 35% of points scored during the last five minutes of basketball games and are especially crucial in games where the teams are separated by small point-margins. Moreover, forwards who show a higher free throw shot percentage are a significant positive predictor of winning.
Free throws could have an important meaning forthe final score. Therefore, nobody can disregard thiselement and its impact for the game. Research con-ducted in this case concerns many of aspects, but themain purpose is the correction of effectiveness of afree throw. Hamilton and Reinschmidt analyzed the throw angle, speed of the ball and impact of those components on accuracy. They elaborated mathematical model of a free throw, which contains an ejection angle and velocity of the ball. These studies have been extended by Murphy. The author focused on finding the best parameters of a free throw. The player’s body height, speed and angle of the ball’s throw were con-side red. The conclusion of this research is that the taller players have smaller ejection angle and speed of the ball.
A free throw is more effective because it is done without defender, always at the same distance, and player has 5 seconds. These are the activities unchanged during the whole match and for each player, which moreover has a stable position. The effectiveness of free throw is still determined by many factors, such as: technique, the quality of the training process, intensity and complexity of training load, psychological resilience, motivation and environment.
Free throw are the penalties associated with various types of fouls, but mostly with personal fouls. A personal foul is a player’s contact foul with an opponent, whether the ball is alive or dead. Free throws can be used as a penalty method for above mentioned fouls.
Free throw shooting successfulness is considered a very important factor influencing the reaching of victory in a basketball match. We hypothesized that the joint angle would be different between successful and unsuccessful free throw shorts in basketball and there will be significant differences between free throw performed under fatigue and non-fatigue condition.
